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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Instituta  for  Mittorical  Microraproductions  /  Inatitut  Canadian  da  microraproductiona  Itiatoriquaa 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


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D 


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Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommag^e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pelliculAe 


n    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le 


titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  gAographiques  tn  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bloue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli*  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  iiure  serrie  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
11  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  la  toxte. 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  «t«  filmies. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplimantaires. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  4tA  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  u.ie 
modification  dans  la  methods  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


□   Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□   Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur^es  et/ou  pelliculies 


1 

ti 


V 


v 


D 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  dAcolor^es,  tachet6es  ou  piquies 


7 

P 

a 
fi 


C 

b 

tl 

s 

0 

fl 

•i 

0 


□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 


Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 


Quality  inigale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplimentnire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


T 

SI 

T 
v< 

h 
d 

e 
b 
ri 
ri 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalemant  ou  partiellemant 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  At*  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fa^on  t 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

1IX 

22X 

26X 

30X 

^ 

12X 


lex 


aox 


28X 


32X 


:aiis 

du 

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u.ie 

nage 


The  copy  filmed  here  hes  been  reproduced  thenke 
to  the  generosity  of: 

La  Bibliotlidque  de  la  Villa  da  Montrfol 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  originei  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  lest  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impree- 
sion,  or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  psge  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, end  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


L'exemplaire  filmA  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
ginArositA  de: 

La  Bibliothdqua  de  la  Villa  da  IMontrfol 


Les  imeges  suivantes  ont  At*  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  at 
de  le  netteti  de  I'exempleire  fiimA,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fiimege. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
pepier  eet  imprimte  sent  filmis  en  commen9ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  ia 
derniire  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impreesion  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exempleires 
originaux  sent  filmfo  en  commen9ant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'Impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —»•(  meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  dee  symboles  suhrents  appareftre  sur  le 
dernlAre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  eymbole  «»•  signlfie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  ▼  signlfie  "FIN". 


■Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  mey  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hend  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  eartee,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmie  i  dee  taux  de  rMuction  dlff4rents. 
Lorsqua  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  il  est  film*  A  partir 
de  I'angle  sup4rieur  gauche,  de  geuche  k  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'imegoe  n4cessaire.  Les  diegrammes  suivonts 
lllustrent  la  mithode. 


trata 
to 


pelure, 
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SHEA'S 


LIBRARY  OF  AMERICAN  LINGUISTICS. 


XIL 


t. 


\ 


DICTIONARY 


OV  TFI 


CHINOOK  JARGON, 


0% 


TRADE  LANGUAGE  OF  OREGON. 


BY  GEORGE   GIBBS. 


NEW  YORK: 
ORAMOISY    PRESS. 

1863. 


95077 


PREFACE. 


Some  years  ago  the  Smithsonian  Institution  printed  a  small  vocab- 
ulary of  the  Chinook  Jargon,  furnished  by  Dr.  B.  R.  Mitchell,  of  the 
U.  S.  Navy,  and  prepared,  as  we  afterwards  learned,  by  Mr.  Lionnet,  a 
Catholic  priest,  for  his  own  use  while  studying  the  language  at  Chi- 
nook Point.  It  was  submitted  by  the  Institution,  for  revision  and 
preparation  for  the  press,  to  the  late  Professor  W.  W.  Turner.  Al- 
though it  received  the  critical  examination  of  that  distinguished 
philologist,  and  was  of  use  in  directing  attention  to  the  language,  it 
was  deficient  in  the  number  of  words  in  use,  contained  many  which 
did  not  properly  belong  to  the  Jargon,  and  did  not  give  the  sources 
from  which  the  words  were  derived. 

Mr.  Uale  had  previously  given  a  vocabulary  and  account  of  this 
Jargon  in  his  "  Ethnography  of  the  United  States  Exploring  Expedi- 
tion," which  was  noticed  by  Mr.  Gallatin  in  the  Transactions  of  the 
American  Ethnological  Society,  vol.  ii.  He,  however,  fell  into  some 
errors  in  his  derivation  of  the  words,  chiefly  from  ignoring  the  Chiha- 
lis  element  of  the  Jargon,  and  the  number  of  words  given  by  him 
amounted  only  to  about  two  hundred  and  fifty. 

A  copy  of  Mr.  Lionnet's  vocabulary  having  been  sent  to  me,  with 
a  request  to  make  such  corrections  as  it  might  require,  I  concluded 
not  merely  to  collate  the  words  contained  in  this  and  other  printed 
and  manuscript  vocabularies,  but  to  ascertain,  so  far  as  possible,  the 
languages  which  Imd  contributed  to  it,  with  the  original  Indian  words. 
This  had  become  the  more  important,  as  its  extended  use  by  different 
tribes  had  led  to  ethnologic.il  errors  in  the  classing  together  of  essen- 
tially distinct  families.  Dr.  Scouler,  whose  vocabularies  were  among 
the  earliest  bases  of  comparison  of  the  languages  of  the  northwest 
coast,  anumcd  a  number  of  words,  which  he  found  indiscriminately 


VJ 


PKKFACK. 


employed  by  the  Nootkans  of  Vancouver  Island,  the  Chinooks  of  the 
Columbia,  and  the  intermediate  tribes,  to  belong  alike  to  their  several 
V  languages,  and  exhibit  analogies  between  them  accordingly.*  On 
this  idea,  among  other  points  of  fancied  resemblance,  ho  founded  his 
family  of  Nootka-Colunibinna, — one  which  has  been  adopted  by  Drs. 
Pritchard  and  Latham,  and  has  caused  very  great  misconception. 
Not  only  arc  those  languages  entirely  distinct,  but  tb  Nootkans 
differ  greatly  in  physical  and  mental  characteristics  fron.  the  latter. 
The  analogies  between  the  Chinook  and  the  other  native  contribu- 
tors to  the  Jargon  arc  given  licreafter. 

The  origin  of  this  Jargon,  a  conventional  language  similar  to  the 
Lingua  Franca  of  the  Mediterranean,  the  Ncgro-English-Dutch  of 
Surinam,  the  Pigeon  English  of  China,  and  several  other  mixed 
tongues,  dates  back  to  the  fur  droguers  of  the  last  century.  Those 
mariners  whose  enterprise  in  the  fifteen  years  preceding  1800,  explored 
the  intricacies  of  the  northwest  coast  of  America,  picked  up  at  their 
general  rendezvous,  Nootka  Sound,  various  native  words  useful  in 
barter,  and  thence  transplanted  them,  with  additions  from  the  Eng- 
lish, to  the  shores  of  Oregon.  Even  before  their  day,  the  coasting 
trade  and  warlike  expeditions  of  the  northern  tribes,  themselves  a  sea- 
faring race,  had  opened  up  a  partial  understanding  of  each  other's 
speech  ;  for  when,  in  1 792,  Vancouver's  officers  visited  Gray's  Harbor, 
they  found  that  the  natives,  though  speaking  a  different  language, 
understood  many  words  of  the  Nootka. 

On  the  arrival  of  Lewis  and  Clarke  at  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia, 
in  1806,  the  new  language,  from  the  sentences  given  by  them,  had 
evidently  attained  some  form.  It  was  with  the  arrival  of  Astor's 
party,  however,  that  the  Jargon  received  its  principal  impulse. 
Many  more  words  of  English  were  then  brought  in,  and  for  the  first 
time  the  French,  or  rather  the  Canadian  and  Missouri  patois  of  the 
French,  was  introduccii.  The  principal  scat  of  the  company  b(?5ng  at 
Astcria,  not  only  a  large  addition  of  Chinook  words  was  made,  but  a 
considerable  number  was  taken  from  the  Chihalis,  who  immediately 
bordered  that  tribe  on  the  north, — each  owning  a  portion  of  Shoal- 
water  Bay.  The  words  adopted  from  the  several  languages  were, 
naturally  cnougli,  those  most  easily  uttered  by  all,  except,  of  course, 
that  objects  new  to  the  natives  found  their  names  in  French  or  Eng- 
lish, and  such  inoditications  were  made  in  pronunciation  as  suited 
tongues  accustomed  to  different  sounds.     Thus  the  gutturals  of  the 


•  Jfuinuil  II'iviil  (Jiiiprnpliiciil  Society  of  London,  vol,  xi.,  1841. 


FREFACK. 


vU 


Indians  wcro  softened  or  droppc  1;  and  the /and  r  of  the  English  and 
French,  to  them  nnpronounccable,  were  modified  into  p  and  /.  Gram- 
matical  forms  were  reduced  to  their  simplest  expression,  and  variations 
in  mood  and  tense  conveyed  only  by  adverbs  or  by  the  context 
The  language  continued  to  receive  additions,  and  assumed  a  more  dis- 
tinct and  settled  meaning,  under  the  Northwest  and  Hudson's  Bay 
companies,  who  succeeded  Astor's  party,  as  well  as  through  the 
American  settlers  in  Oregon.  Its  advantage  was  soon  perceived  by 
the  Indians,  and  the  Jargon  became  to  some  extent  a  means  of  com- 
munication between  natives  of  ditfcrent  speech,  as  well  as  betwceh 
them  and  the  whites.  It  was  even  used  as  such  between  Americans 
and  Canadians.  It  was  at  first  most  in  vogue  upon  the  lower  Colum- 
bia and  the  Willamette,  whence  it  spread  to  Puget  Sound,  and  with 
the  extension  of  trade,  found  its  way  far  up  the  coast,  as  well  as  the 
Columbia  and  Frascr  rivers;  and  there  are  now  few  tribes  between 
the  42d  and  67th  parallels  of  latitude  in  which  there  are  not  to  be 
found  interpreters  through  its  medium.  Its  prevalence  and  easy  ac- 
quisition, while  of  vast  convenience  to  traders  and  settlers,  has  tended 
greatly  to  hinder  the  acquirement  of  the  original  Indian  languages ; 
so  much  so,  that  except  by  a  few  missionaries  and  pioneers,  hardly 
one  of  them  is  spoken  or  understood  by  white  men  in  all  Oregon 
and  Washington  Territory.  Notwithstanding  its  apparent  poverty 
in  number  of  words,  and  the  absence  of  grammatical  forms,  it  pos- 
sesses much  more  flexibility  and  power  of  expression  than  might 
be  imagined,  and  really  serves  almost  every  purpose  of  ordinary  in- 
tercourse. 

The  number  of  words  constituting  the  Jargon  proper  has  been  vari- 
ously stated.  Many  formerly  employed  have  become  in  great  meas- 
ure obsolete,  while  others  have  been  locally  introduced.  Thus,  at 
the  Dalles  of  the  Columbia,  various  terms  arc  common  which  would 
not  bo  intelligible  at  Astoria  or  on  Puget  Sound.  In  making  the  fol- 
lowing selection,  I  have  included  all  those  which,  on  reference  to  a 
number  of  vocabularies,  I  have  found  current  at  any  of  these  places, 
rejecting,  on  the  other  hand,  such  as  individuals,  partially  acquainted 
with  the  native  languages,  have  employed  for  their  own  convenience. 
The  total  number  falls  a  little  short  of  five  hundred  words. 

An  analysis  of  their  derivations  gives  the  following  result : 

Chinook,  including  Clatsop 200 

Chinook,  having  analogies  with  other  languages. .     21 
Interjections  common  to  several 8 


1 


Vm  I'UKFACE. 

Nootkn,  including  dialects 24 

Cbilmlis,  32 ;  Nisciiially,  7 30 

Klikatiit  and  Yakauia 2 

Orce 2 

Chippcway  (Ojibvva) 1 

Wasco  (probably)  .    4 

Kniapuya  (probably) 4 

iJy  direct  ouoniatopojia 6 

Derivation  unknown,  or  undeterniincd 18 

Freuch,  90 ;  Canadian,  4 1)4 

■      liuijlish 07 


I  had  no  opportunity  of  original  investigation  into  the  Nootka 
proper,  but  from  tlio  few  words  in  ditTerent  published  vocabularies, 
and  from  somo  imperfect  manuscript  ones  in  my  possession  of  tho 
Tokwaht,  Nittinat,  and  Makah  dialects,  have  ascertained  the  number 
abi'ive  given.  Some  of  tho  unascertained  words  probably  also  belong 
to  that  language.  Neither  was  I  able  to  collate  the  Wasco  or  Kala- 
puvii,  but  have  as!»igiied  them  on  the  opinion  of  others.  The  former, 
also  called  Cathlasco,  the  dialect  of  the  Dalles  Indians,  is  a  corrupted 
form  of  tho  Watlala  or  Upper  Chinook.  With  the  Chihalis,  Yakama, 
and  Klikatat.  and  the  Niitqunlly,  I  had  abundant  means  of  comparison. 

The  introduction  of  the  Creo  and  Chippeway  words  is  of  course  due 
to  the  Canadians.  None  have  been  derived  from  the  Spanish,  as 
their  intercourse  with  the  Nootka  and  Makah  Indians  was  too  short 
to  leave  an  improsion.  Spanish  words,  especially  those  relating  to 
horses  or  mules  and  their  et|uipments,  have  of  late  come  into  general 
use  in  Oregon,  owing  to  intercourse  with  California,  but  they  form  no 
part  of  the  Jargon.  It  might  have  been  expected  from  the  number 
of  Sandwich  Islanders  introduced  by  the  Hudson's  liay  company,  and 
long  resident  in  the  country,  that  the  Kanaka  element  would  have 
fiMiiid  its  way  into  the  language,  but  their  utterance  is  so  foreign  to 
the  Indiait  ear,  that  not  a  word  has  been  adopted. 

In  the  nouns  derived  from  the  French,  the  detinitc  article  le,  la,  has 
almost  in  every  instance  been  incorporated  into  the  word,  and  the 
same  has  in  one  or  two  instances  been  prefixed  to  nouns  not  of  French 
origin.  Besides  the  words  created  by  direct  onomatopoeia,  there  are 
(juite  a  number  which  arc  really  Indian,  but  have  their  origin  in  the 
similarity  of  sound  to  sense. 

Dr.  Scoulor's  analogy  between  the  Noolkan  and  "  Columbian,"  oi 
Chinook,  was  founded  on  the  following  words : 


I'KKFACK. 

Englith. 

Tlaoquatch  atul  Nutku. 

VdunMan. 

phnty, 
no, 

•aya, 
*wik, 

*haya. 
*wake. 

water, 

tchaak, 

chuck. 

good, 
bad, 
man, 
woman. 

♦hooleisii, 
^puibliakuis, 
^tchuckoop, 
*tiootsemiu, 

*closh. 
*pc«hak. 
tiliicham. 
*clootchamen. 

child, 

*tanassis, 

*tauass. 

now. 

tiahowieli, 

claliowiah. 

come, 
slave, 

*tchooqua, 
raiacliemas, 

*»acko. 
*mischemas. 

what  are  you 
doing. 

■ 

*akoots-ka>mamook, 

ckta-*mammok. 

what  are  you 

saying, 
let  me  see, 

■ 

*au-kaak-*wawa, 
*nannanitcb, 

ckta-*wawa. 
*nannanitcb.       ^ 

■un, 

*opcth, 

ootlach. 

sky, 
fruit, 
to  sell. 

*»ieya, 

*chama9, 

*niakok. 

•saya. 

*canias. 

*makok. 

understand. 

*'commatax, 

*commatax. 

u 


I 


i 

m 


•■ii: 


But  of  these,  none  marked  with  an  asterisk  belong  to  the  Chinook 
or  any  of  its  dialects.  The  greater  part  of  thcni  arc  undoubtedly 
Nootkan,  though  there  are  errors  in  the  spellinir  and,  in  some  in- 
stances, in  the  meaning.  Of  the  rest,  the  Nootkan  tchaak  and  the 
Chinook  tPtsuk  alone  presents  an  analogy.  Klahowink  docs  not  moan 
"now,"  nor  do  I  believe  it  is  Nootkan,  in  any  sense.  It  is,  as  ex- 
plained io  the  dictionary,  the  Chinook  salutation,  "  How  do  you," 
"  Good-bye,"  and  is  supposed  to  be  derived  from  the  word  for  poor, 
miserable.  Miachemas  is  not  Chinook,  and  is  probably  not  Nootkan. 
With  the  exception  of  Franchere,  whose  sliort  vociibulary  was  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Gallatin,  and  Mr.  Ilalc,  all  the  writers  mentioned  by 
Ludwig  who  have  given  specimens  of  the  Chinook  language,  have 
presented  it  in  Its  Jargon  form,  more  or  less  mixed  with  the  neigh- 
boring ones,  and  with  corruptions  of  French  and  English  words.  Mr. 
Swan,  among  otlicrj>,  ha^  been  led  into  this  error.  The  place  of  his 
residence.  Shoalwater  Bay,  is  common  ground  of  the  Cliinook  and 
Chihalis  Indians,  and  the  degraded  remnants  of  the  two  tribes  arc 
closely  intermarried,  and  use  both  languages  almost  indifferently. 


t 


n. 


•1- 


ir 


li 


i? 


PRKFACK. 


Sotting  aside  interjcrtions,  coninon  in  a  more  or  less  modified 

form  to  several  adjoining  tribes,  twenty-one  words  of  those  given  in 

this  vocabulary  present  noticeable  analogies  between  the  Chinook 
and  other  native  languages.     They  are  as  follows  : 


« 


Englith. 

Chinook.      Hailtzuk  and  BeMla 

gal 

mon  berries,                    klalitii,                   olalli. 

Englith. 
water, 

Chinook  and  Clattop. 
tl'tsuk    :    U'chukw, 

Nootka. 

Jtwiu  >ud  Cook. 

chauk    :    chabak 

English. 

Chinook. 

Caielite. 

Ktcantlen.             Stli*h. 

siv, 

t.'ikhuro, 

tukh'um, 

tuckhum',           t&ckau. 

English. 

Chinook. 

Chihalit.              NUqually 

deep, 

kellippc, 

kluputl,             kicp. 

glad, 

kwan, 

kwal  {tame). 

proud, 

cyiitl. 

jiiil. 

demon, 

ichiatku. 

tsiatko,              tsiatko. 

black  hcai 

» 

oitclihnt. 

chctwut. 

crow. 

i-kaka. 

skaka. 

t.ystor, 

kl..khklokli, 

.•hotk)kh,           klokhklokh. 

game  of  *' 

hands," 

itlokiiin, 

sc'tlokum. 

Englith. 

Chinook. 

Yakama  and  Klikatat. 

rertainl 

V, 

nawitka. 

n'witka. 

always, 

kwanisum, 

kw&lisim. 

younger  sister, 

ats. 

atsc. 

road. 

wchut, 

wi<'t  (far). 

barrel, 

tamiililsli, 

tamoliish. 

buffalo, 

cmiismu<<. 

miismus. 

coyote. 

it^lipus, 

tciipa  ((/my  fox). 

mouse, 

khoikhol, 

kiioilkhnil.  ' 

bread, 

tsapelil, 

saplil. 

iiei'illc. 

okwepowa. 

knpus  («  pin). 

Till'  Clatsop  (Klatso|.)  is  inorely  a  dialed  of  the  Chinook  (Tchi- 
mik) ;  ilic  <'owlit/,  (Kaiialitsk),  K«aiitini,  Cliiliniis  (TsilicliK),  and 
Msqiiaily  (N">k\Milii,  arc  MMially  languaiji's  bilongiiig  lr)  tlif 
8tli»li  family.     Tli<;  Yakama  and  Klikalat  arc  dialt'cts  of  one  of  thi 


rUKKAOIC. 


XI 


Sahaptin  luuguagcs;  uiid  llic  Tokwaht  (Tukwat),  Nittinat,  aiid  Makah 
(W;ik:i),  quoted  in  the  dict)"nary,  arc  dialects  of  the  Nootka  (Niitka), 
of  whicii  the  Hailtzuk  or  Bclbclla  (variously  spelled  Haeeltzuk  and 
Ilailtsa)  is  probably  the  northern  type.  It  thus  appears  that,  with 
two  or  three  exceptions,  the  analogies  of  the  Chinook,  as  contained 
in  this  vocabulary,  are  to  bo  sought  in  the  immediately  adjoininin; 
tongues,  or  lliosc  of  languages  belonging  lo  the  same  families  with 
them ;  that  these  analiigies,  with  perhaps  one  or  two  exceptions,  can 
by  no  means  be  considered  radical,  and  that  their  correspondence,  or 
rather  adoption,  is  easily  accounted  tor  by  neighborhood  and  habits 
of  intermarriage.  A  much  more  remarkable  coincidence  is  the  fact 
that  two  words  included  in  this  Jargon, — one  from  the  Nootkan,  viz.. 
Ma  witch,  a  deer,  venison;  and  the  other  Chinook,  Mooliik,  an  elk, — 
arc  also  to  be  found  in  the  Kowilth,  the  language  of  Humboldt 
Bay,  in  California.  As  this  bay  was  first  discovered  in  the  winter 
of  1849-50,  the  words  could  not  have  been  introduced  by  the  fur 
trappers. 

With  regard  to  the  lorm  into  which  this  dictionary  has  been 
thrown,  an  explanation  is  necessary.  The  Jargon  must  in  some 
degree  be  regarded  as  a  written  language,  the  orthography  of  which 
is  English.  In  Mr.  Hale's  vocabulary  alone  has  one  more  scientitir 
been  attempted,  and  of  several  other  printed,  and  numerous  niaiiti- 
script  dictionaries  in  circulation,  M.  Lionnct's  alone,  that  I  have  met 
with,  is  according  to  the  French.  Although  no  tixed  system  of  spell 
ing  exists  among  them,  I  have  therefore  deemed  it  best  to  preserve 
for  the  Jargon  words  that  which  most  distinctly  represents  the  com 
inon  Knglish  pronunciatiuii ;  while  for  the  Indian  derivations,  I  have 
adopted  tliat  reconnncnded  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution  in  collect- 
ing Indian  vocabularies,  using  the  Italian  sounds  of  the  vowels,  and 
representing  the  guttural  of  the  (Jerman  ich  by  kh.  This  seemed  the 
inort^  proper,  as  the  work  woidd  thereby  be  rendered  of  practical  use, 
independent  of  what  philological  value  it  may  posses-.. 

In  collating  the  words  of  the  present  work  and  obtainnig  thciv 
deri\atioiis,  I  have  been  assisted  by  a  nnniln  r  of  friends;  among 
whom  I  should  fpecially  mention  Mr.  Alt  xaiidci-  {',  Anderson,  of 
Victoria,  V.  I.,  ami  Mi.  Salomon  H.  Sinilh,  of  Clat-op,  Oregon. 


Bibliography  of  tlie  ChinooJL  JargOD. 


Journal  of  Travels  over  the  Rocky  Mountains.  By  Rev.  Samuel 
Parker.     12ma.     Ithaca,  N.Y.,  1838. 

"  Vocabulary  of  the  Cbonook  language,  as  spoken  about  Fort  Van- 
couver," pp.  330-338. 

Ethnography  and  Philology  of  the  United  Slates  Exploring  Expe- 
dition. By  Horatio  Hale.  4to.  Philadelphia :  Lea  A  Blanchard, 
1840. 

A  vocabulary  of  tlio  "  Jargbn  or  Trade  Language  of  Oregon,"  with 
an  essay  thereon,  and  phrases,  is  given  in  this  work,  pp.  636-660. 

Transactions  of  the  American  Ethnological  Society.  2  vols.,  8vo. 
New  York:  Bartlett  &  Wclford,  1846,  1848. 

In  vol.  ii.,  pp.  62-70,  under  title  of  "  Ilale'.s  Indians  of  Northwest 
America,"  is  a  partial  reprint  of  the  above. 

Rev.  Z.  B.  Z.  Bolduc,  "  Mifsion.  de  la  Colombie^^  8vo.  Quebec, 
1843. 

The  Ijord's  Prayer  in  Jargon,  "ct  quehjucs  mots  Tcbinoucs  et  Snco- 
inuB."  The  Snohomich  is  a  tribe  of  Pugct  Sound.  The  Chinook  words 
art'  Micnly  Jargon. 

Journal  of  I'rareln  over  the  Rocky  MotinlathK,  drr.     By  Joel  Palmer. 
IJmo.     Cincinnati,  1847,  185'.'. 
"  Words  UHcd  in  tlip  Chinook  Jargon,"  pp.  I  J7-16i!. 

.idirnturcs  of  the  Ftrst  Settlers  on  the  Oregon  or  Columbia  River, 
At.     By  Alexander  Rom.     I'Jnio.     London,  184 (t. 

KoKS  gives  It  "lliiiKKik  Vocabulary,"  pp.  ;I4--34H,  and  words  of  the 
"mixed  dialect,"  y.  :t4!>,     Ijin  Chinook  is,  however,  also  impure. 

Ten  I'ciir.v  in  (tminii.  I>y  I*.  Leu  and  F.  il.  Frost,  I'.'mo.  Xow 
York,  IH4I. 

"  A  short  vocabulary  ul  the  Clatsop  dialect."  This  is  likovisi 
Jargon. 


m 


xiT 


BIBMOOKAPHV    OF  THK   CHINOOK   JAKGON. 


History,  <tc.,  of  Ike  Indian  Tribtt  of  the  United  Slates.  Collected 
by  Henry  R.  Sclioolcraft.  4to.  Parts  1-5.  I'liiladelphia,  1851, 
1855. 

Lieut  G.  F.  EmmooB  gives  a  brief  "  Klatsop  Vocabulary "  in  Part 
III.,  pp.  223,  224,  which  is  of  the  same  character. 

Note  1  to  article,  "  Philosophy  of  Utterance,"  Part  V.,  pp.  648-551, 
a  "  Vocabulary  of  the  Chinook  Jargon." 

Vocabulury  of  the  Jargon  or  Trade  Language  of  Oregon.  English, 
French,  and  Jargon.    8vo.    Washington,  1853.     pp.  22. 

Printed  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  for  private  distribution. 
Without  title-page.    This  is  the  one  by  M.  Lionnet,  before  referred  to. 

The  Northwest  Coast;  or,  Three  Years^  Residence  in  Washington 
Territory.    By  James  G.  Swan.    12rao.    New  York  :  Harpers,  1857. 

"  A  vocabulary  of  the  Chchalis  and  Cbenouk  or  Jargon  Languages, 
with  the  derivation  of  the  words  used  in  the  latter,"  pp.  4 1 2-422. 

A  Complete  Dictionary  of  the  Chinook  Jargon.  English — Chinook, 
and  Chinook — English.  To  which  is  added  numerous  conversations. 
Arc.  3d  edition.  24mo,  pp.  24.  Portland,  Oregon  :  published  by  S. 
J.  McComiick. 

Several  editions  of  this  work  have  been  published ;  the  laet  which 
I  have  seen,  in  1862. 

(fuide-JSook  to  the  Gold  Beyiont  of  Frazer  River.     With  a  map  of 
the  different  routes,  d;c.    24mo,  pp.  55.     New  York,  1858. 
A  vocabulary  of  the  Jargon,  pp.  45-55. 

The  Chinook  Jargon  and  Kiiglish  and  French  Equivalent  Forms. 
In  "Steamer  Bulletin,"  San  Francisco,  Juno  21,  1858. 
Contains  an  unarranged  vocabulary  of  354  words  and  phrase*. 

The  Canoe  and  the  Saddle.  By  Theodore  Winthrop.  IJmo. 
Boston  :  Ticknor  A  Fields.      1803. 

"  A  partial  vocabulary  of  the  Chinook  Jargon,"  pp.  290-302. 

History  vf  the  Oregon  Territory,  <f f.  By  John  Dunn.  2d  edition, 
London,  1846. 

"  A  few  spcoimcns  uf  the  language  of  the  Millbank  and  Chinook 
trilx^.'  Chinook  Irihe :  ,'iO  words  and  phrases,  including  digits. 
These  words,  as  uhual,  are  in  great  part  "Jnrgon,"  and  belong  to  the 
Ntiotkan,  not  to  the  Chinook. 

Besides  the  abovo,  one,  of  which  I  h«\e  not  the  title  before  inc.  In.", 
been  published  by  Mr.  A.  ('.  Anderson,  and  several  in  the  nowtpapers 
of  Ori-gon  and  Washington  Territory. 


PART  I. 


CHINOOK-ENGLISH. 


n 


il  I 


^1 

i 


Non.— The  reference*,  " Hale,"  "Cook,"  "Jewltt,"  are  respectively  to 
Hkle'i  "  Ethnology  of  the  United  Statet  Ezploriug  Expedition,"  ••  Cook's  Voy- 
agea,"  ud  "Jewitt's  Narrative  "  The  others,  as  "Anderson,"  "Pandosy," 
"  Shaw,"  "  Tolmie,"  are  from  manuscriot  notes  of  those  gentlemen  in  posses- 
sion of  the  writsr. 


A     DICTIONARY 


OF    TIIK 


CHINOOK    JARGON. 


PART  I.  CHINOOK— ENGLISH. 


All-ha,  adv.     Common    to   various   tribes.     Ven.    Expression    of 

simple  assent.     On  l*iigct  Sound,  K-fcn. 
Ah'n-kut-te,  or  Ahn-kot-tie,  adv.    (.'Iiinook,  Akkutti.    For- 

.  inert  I/;  before  now.  With  the  accent  prolonged  on  the  first  syl- 
lable, a  long  time  ai/o.  Ex.  Ahnkiitte  lakit  sun, /owr  days  ago; 
Tenas  ahnkutte,  a  little  while  sinre. 

Al-dh,  intetj.  Expression  of  surprise.  K\.  Alah  raika  chahko! 
ah,  yoiCve  come! 

Al-kie,  adv.  Chinook,  Alkkkh.  J'resenlh/;  in  a  little  while; 
hold  on  ;    not  no  funt. 

Al'-ta,  "'/".     Chinook,  Altakh.     Now  ;  at  the  prenenl  time. 

A-mo'-te,  >i.   ("liinook,  Ami'tk;  Clatsop,  KLAnorii;.    The  strawberry. 

An-4h,  interj.  An  exclamation  denoting  pain,  displeasure,  or  de- 
preciation. Ex.  Anali  nawitka  inika  halo  sliem,  ah,  indeed  you 
are  wilhont  shame.     On'  I'ugot  Sound,  .\d-de(l;ih. 

Ata,  ".  <"liinook,  idem;  Yiikama,  Atsk  (I'andosy).  A  sister 
i/iiiingrr  thmi  the  speiilrr.  In  tlic  orii;iiial,  only  when  used  by  her 
brother. 

A-y4h-whul,  r.     rhilmlis,  Ayaiiwci..      To  tend ;  borrow. 

Ay-k6h-nam.    See  Kii  kah-nam. 

B. 

B6  be,  v.,  V.     French.     A  word  used  towards  children  ;  probably  a 

repetition  of  the  first  syllable  of  Uxihkh.     .1  </'v?;  to  kiss. 
Bed.  ".    KtigllMli,  iileiii.     .1  /»'/. 

Bit,  or  Mit,  II.      Kiiglish,  llir.      .1  dinn-  or  shilliiKi. 

Bloom,  ".     Knglish,  Kkodm.     A  broom.     .Maniook  bloom,  lo  sweep. 


'f'l 


'i 


9 


DUniONARV   OF  TIIK   CHINOOK  JARGON. 


Boat,  n.     English,  iiloni.     A  boat,  us  digtiuguisItcJ  from  a  canoo. 

Bo»'-ton,  II.,  adj.  An  Ameriran ;  American.  A  naino  derived 
from  the  hailing-placo  of  tho  first  trading-sliips  to  the  Pacific^ 
lioston  illahic,  the  United  States. 

Bur-daah,  n.  Can.  French,  Bkrdaciie  (Anderson).  An  hermaph- 
rodite. Tlie  reputation  of  hermaphroditism  is  not  uncommon 
witli  Indians,  and  seems  to  attach  to  every  malformation  of  the 
organs  of  generation.    The  word  is  of  very  limited  use. 


c. 


Oal'-li-peen,  ».    French,  Carabine.     A  rifle. 

Oa-nixn,  n.     Chinook,  Ekamm.     A  canoe.    Canim  stick,  the  cedar, 

or  leaod  from  which  cnnoe»  are  usually  made. 
Oa-po',  ".     French,  Capot.     A  coal. 
Chah' ko,   i'.      Nootka.  ("hiyoquot,  Chako;   Tukwaht,  Tchokwa. 

To  rowe ,   /()  hiromi:     Kx.  Kansih  inika  cliahko  ?   when  did  you 

come  ?     ( 'hahko  kloxhe,  to  <jet  well. 
Ob4k-ohak,  ».    Chinook,  idem.     The  hold  eaf/l   (by  onoma.),  from 

its  siToani.     Of  only  local  use  on  the  lower  Columbia. 
Ohee,  rt'/i'.,  rti(/'.     Chinook,  Thiii.     Lately ;  juil  now;  new.     Chce 

hikii  ko,  /  hove  just  arrivvd.     Ilyas  cheo,  entirely  new. 
Ohet'-lo,  or  Jet'-lo,  n.     Chihalis,  Chxtlokh.     An  oysttr.     lUcd 

on  the  lower  ('oliiinbia. 
Ohet^VTOOt,  II.     Nisi|ually,  idem.     A  black  hear.     Used  only  on 

I'ugct  Sound. 
Chik'-a-min,  ".,  adj.    Tokwuht,  Tkikamen;  Nootka,  Sipkaminny 

(.Icwitt) ;   Skkkkmaiik  (Cook),      /ran;  metal;   metallic.     Tkopc 

rhikaniin,  silver;  -\n\  cliikaniin,  yold  or  copper,     (^hikamin  lope, 

wire ;  ii  chain. 
Chik-Chik.     See  T.SIK-THIK. 
Chil-Ohil-     See  TwiL-THit.. 

Chitlh,  ".     Chilialis,  Tshitsii.     A  grandmother. 
Chope,  ».     Chihalis,  Thiii  r-.     A  yrand/ather. 
Cho'  tub,  ".     Nis.|ii:»liy,  i<k'ni.     A  flea.     Used  on  Pngot  Round. 
Chuck,  "      Nootku,  CiiAi  K  (Cook);  CnAUAK,/irf(iA  miter  (.Icwitt); 

•  "hinook.Ti.THiK  (Shortens) ;  Clatsop,  Ti.Vihkw.     Water;  o  rim- 

fi- stream.     Suit   rljiick,  ^/(r  »■<( ,-   skookuiil   eliuck,  a  r(f;(i(/ ;    soileks 

ilillck,  (/  roiiijh  \m  ;   chuck  chahko  or  kalipi,  the  tide  rises  <,r  f'lilh ; 

Mij;liilli  and  keekwiilie  chuck,  hiyh  and  low  tide. 
Ohukkin,  ».,  v.    Chjhalis,  Thikakn.     To  kick.     Of  local  use  onlv. 


PAST  I.    UUINOOK — KMULISH.  3 

Close.     Sco  Klosb. 

Oly,  V'     English.     To  cry. 

Oole,  «({/.  KngliH?),  Cold.  Colo  xWvXxw,  winter;  icht  cole,  a  yenr  ; 
colo  Hick  wuiint  eick,  the  fever  and  mjue, 

Oomb,  H.  EngiiHli.  A  comb.  Maniook  comb,  to  comb;  inaiiiopk 
comb  illahie,  to  harrow, 

CkX>'-ley,  v.  Froncli,  CouKKZ,  imp.  of  Coimiit.  To  run.  Cooloy 
kiitaUn,  a  race-horse;  yahkii  liyiia  kumtuks  cooloy,  Ite  can,  i.e., 
knows  how  to  run  well. 

Ooop'-OOOp,  ».  Chinook,  idem.  The  umaller  sized  dentaliam  or 
shell  money.    Sco  Uvkwa. 

Oo'-aho,  ».  French,  CociioN.  A  hoi; ;  jiuri:  Siwash  cosho,  «  «ot/; 
literally,  Indian  pi ff. 

Ovd'-tlU,  adj.  Chinook,  Kaltah.  Worthless;  ijoml  for  nothing ; 
without  purjMsc.  Ex.  Cultus  man,  a  worthless  fellow ;  cultus  pot- 
latch,  a  present  or  free  yift ;  cultus  hechce,  <t  jest ;  merelif  laugh- 
ino ;  cnltUH  nannitsh,  to  look  around ;  cultim  niitlitc,  to  sit  idle; 
to  do  nothing;  cultus  klatawa,  to  stroll,  (^ues.  What  do  you 
want?  ylnf.  Cultus,  i.o.,  RofAtny. 

D. 

]}0-ULte,  or  De-Mtt,  adj.,  adv.  French,  Droitk.    Straight ;  direct ; 

without  equivocation.     Ex.   Klatawa  delett,  go  straight;    delett 

wauwau,  tell  the  truth. 
Oi-kob,  or  Yaub,  »■     French,  Diaule.     The  devil.     Sometimes 

used  combined  with  the  article,  as  Lejaub. 
IVly,  or  De-ly,  adj.     English,  Dry.    Chahko  dcly,  to  become  dry ; 

raamook  dcly,  to  dry,  i>.  a. 
Doo'-tin,  n.     Englisli.     A  doctor. 
Dol'-la,  or  T&h-la,  »•     English.     A  dollar;   money,     Chikamin 

dolla,  silver;  pil  dolla,  gold;  dolla  siaghost,  sjMctacles, 

E. 

Eh-Ulh-nam,  »•  Chinook,  Ekanam.  A  talc  or  story.  Used  only 
on  the  Columbia  river.    Often  t-rroncously  pronounced  Ay-kch-nain, 

Eh-ko-li,  "•     <^'hinook,  ^'koi.i.     .1  whale. 

Ee'-na,  n.  Chinook,  Iina.  A  beaver,  Eena  stick  (literally,  6eat'fr 
wood),  t/ie  willow. 


I 


.1, 

I 

3 


I 


|i 


;ri 


tfl 


1  i 


I 


4  DICTIONARY   OF  THK   CIliNUOK   JARGON. 

Ee'-na-poO,  or  In-a-poo,  n.  Chinook,  Inapu.  A  louse.  Sopcn 
inapoo,  a  flea. 

Ek'-keh,  ».     Chinook,  Ekke.     ^1  brother-in-law. 

£'-la-han,  or  E-l&nn,  "•  Chihaiis,  Y^ilaAn.  Aid;  Mnialance ; 
alms.    Mamook  elann,  to  help. 

E'-lip,  or  El'-ip,  a(/r.  Chihaiis,  I  MI'.  First;  be/ore.  The  super- 
lative. Klatawa  oiif,  go  before ;  elip  lolo  chuck,  m  the  flrsl  place 
carry  water ;  elip  kloshc,  best ;  elip  tiiikum,  ».  (literally,  the  first 
people),  a  race  of  beings  who  inhabited  the  ivorld  befort  the  Indians. 

E-li'-te,  n.    Chinook,  Ilaitekh.     A  slave. 

E-S&lfh,  or  Ye-l&lt'h,  ».  Trobably  Wasco.  Indian  corn  or 
maize. 

G. 

Get-up,  or  Ket-Op,  c     English.     To  get  up  ;  rise. 
Glease,  n.     English,  (irkabe.     Fat,  grease,  or  oil.     Hyeu  glease, 
very  fat ;  too-toosh  glease,  batter.    See,  also,  Laklks. 


i 


H. 

Hah-lakl,  adj.  Chinook,  Ualakl.  Wide;  ojien.  Ex.  Mamook 
halilakl  la  potc,  open  the  door;  chahko  hahlakl  (as  of  the  woods), 
to  open  out;  become  less  dense. 

Haht-haht,  n.     Nisqually,  Hatiiat.     T/ie  mallard  duck. 

H&k-at'Shuin,  n.     English.     .1  handkerchief. 

Ha'-lo,  adj.  Qua;ro  u.  d.  not  Chinook.  None;  absent.  Q.  Halo 
salmon  mika?  hate  you  no  fish'  A.  Halo,  none.  (^.  Kah  mika 
papa?  where  is  your  father ^  A.  Halo,  he  is  out.  Halo  wind, 
breathless;  dead;  halo  glease, /mn ;  halo  ikta,  ji>oo)';  destitute. 

Haul,  t'.  English,  idem.  To  haul  or  pull.  Used  with  the  active 
verb  mamook ;  as,  mamook  hau' 

Hee'-hee,  »•  Hy  onoma..  Him  (Hale).  Laughter,  amusement. 
Cultus  hechce,  fun ;  mamook  lieehcc,  to  amuse ;  hcchce  honso, 
any  place  of  amnsemint,  m  a  tavern,  bowling-alley,  Ac 

H6h-hoh,  It.,  V.     Chinook  (by  onoma.),  Hokiiiiokii.     To  couyh. 

H6-ku-ineUl,  r.  Chihaiis,  idem.  To  gather;  to  glean,  as  grain. 
Of  iooal  uso. 

H6ol-hool,  ".  Chinook,  Kholkiiul;  Klikat^tt.  Kiioilkiioil.  A 
mouse.     Hyas  hoolhool,  a  rat. 


PART    I.    CHINOOK — ENGU8It. 


House,  n,  English.  ^1  houxe.  M.ilikook  lioiisc,  a  store;  Boston 
house,  an  American-built  houxe,  iis  distinguished  from  a  lodge. 

Howh,  interj.     Haiku.     Turn  to;  hnrrif. 

Hovr'-lcwutl,  <«/('.  Chinook,  Haukatlii.  An  expression  of  in- 
ability.    Kx.  Ilowkwutl  niku  klatawti?  luiio  could  I  yo  ? 

Hul-Iel',  ('.  /(.  Chinook,  idem.  To  shake.  Used  with  the  verb 
uianiook,  as,  uiaiuouk  hullul,  it  bceomcs  active. 

Hul-O-i-ma,  ».,  adj.*  Chinook,  S'hi'llgviba.  Other;  unotlier ; 
different.  Ex.  Huloiina  tilikuin,  a  different  tribe  or  iKople ;  hyas 
huloinia,  veri/  different. 

Humm,  ».,  V.  Jargon.  .1  slink  or  svidl ;  to  slink.  An  invented 
word,     lluunn  opootsh,  a  skunk. 

Hunl'-kill,  adj.  Chinook,  IIunlkeku.  Curled  or  curbj;  knotted; 
crooked. 

Huy-huy,  «.,  v.  Canadian  French,  Hui-hui.  A  baryain  or  ex- 
thiinije ;  to  barter  or  trade.  Ex.  Iluyhuy  la  sille,  change  the  saddle; 
liuyliuy  tunituni,  to  change  one's  mind.  Mr.  Anderson  says  this  is 
a  cant  word  of  tiiu  Canadians,  signifying  a  hasty  exchange.  Its 
origin  has  been  suggested  in  out  out,  yes  yes. 

H\7all,  or  Hixrall-vra,  inter/.  Denotes  surprise  or  admiration ;  also 
earnestness. 

Hy'-alc,  adv.,  also  used  as  imperative.  Chinook,  Ai-ak.  Swift; 
fast ;  quickly ;  hurry  ;  make  haste. 

Hy-as',  adj.,  adv.  I'robably  corrupted  rom  the  following.  Large  ; 
great;  very.  The  general  term  for  size.  Uyas  lycc,  a  great  chief ; 
hyas  mahcook,  a  great  price;  dear;  hyas  ahnkutte,  a  long  lime 
'  ayo;  hyas  kloshe,  very  good. 

Hy-iu, «.,  Of//.  Nootka,  IvAiiisii  (Jewitt);  Tokwaht,  Aiva.  Jewitt 
also  gives  llvo  as  the  name  for  ten.  Much;  many;  plenty; 
enough.  Term  of  quantity  or  multitude.  Ilyiu  tilikum,  a  croiod ; 
many  people;  hyiu  muckamuck,  plenty  to  eat;  tenas  hyiu,  some ; 
a  few  ;  wake  liyiu,  not  many  or  not  much. 

Hy'-kwa,  or  Hy'-a-kwa,  «.  Nootka,  Uaihwa  (i-whaw,  Jewitt). 
The  dentalium  ;  the  shell  money  or  wampum  (f  the  Pacific  coast. 
ll  is  used  in  strings  of  a  fathom  long;  shells  of  not  more  than  forty 
to  the  fathom  being  of  full  siic,  and  the  value  increasing  in  propor- 
tion to  their  longtli.  Tin;  smiiller  sizes  are  called  coop-coitp  (q.  v.), 
These  shells  were  t'ornKrly  obtained  by  the  Indians  of  the  west 
coast  of  Vancouver  Island,  and  passed  in  barter  as  low  down  as 
California,  and  eastward  to  the  Blackfoot  country. 


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6 


DUIKi.NAKV    OF   TIIK   CHINOOK   JARGON. 


I. 


Ik'-ldk,  ».    Chinook,  Ikkik.    Ajinh-hook. 

Ik-poo'-iei  t'.     Chinook,  iKHrui.     To  shut.     Ikpooiu  la  potc,  shut 

the  door  ;  iimiiiook  ikpooio,  to  surround;  ikpooio  kwillan,  deaf. 
Ikt,  or  loht,  adj.    Chinook,  Ikut.     One ;  once.     Usud  also  as  the 

indctinitc  article.    Ikt  man,  u  man;  ikt  ikt!  man,  some  one  or  other; 

here  and  there  one ;  ikt  nika  klatawa  kopa  yakkn  house,  /  Jiave  been 

once  to  his  house. 
Uc'-tBh,  pron.    Cliinuok,  Ikta.     W/iat.    Iktah  okook,  wAa<  is //(a(  .^ 

iktah  mika  tikegh,  what  do  you  wantf  iktah,  well,  what  now? 
Ik'-tah,  H.     From  tlio  foregoing.     A  thimj;   yoods ;   merchandise; 

flolhinif.     Hyiti  tciias  iktah,  a  great  man>j  triflen.    The  use  of  the 

same  word  for  what  and  for  things,  has  been  noticed  in  some  other 

languages  of  this  const. 
Il'-la-hie,  u.    Chinook,  Ii.aiikkii.     Tlie  groutul ;   the  earth;   dirt. 

Tipso  iliuhio,  prairie;  saghallic  illabie,  mountains,  or  high  land; 

heaven;  hyiu  illahic  kopa,  dirtg  (literally,  much  dirt  upon). 
In'-a-ti,  or  Een-a-ti,  ;>r«7>.,  «(/y,    Chinook,  In atai.    Across;  oppo- 
site to;  on  (he  other  side  of.     Inati  chuck,  on  the  other  side  of  the 

river ;  klatawa  inati,  to  cross  over. 
Ip'-SOOt,  t'.  a.,  t*.  II.     Chinook,  Amtrao.     To  hide  one's  self,  or  any 

thing  ;  to  keep  secret.    Ipsoot  klatawa,  to  steal  off;  ipsoot  wau-wau, 

to  whisper. 
Il'-iolc,  n-    Chinook,  Imn.     .1  jxtddle.     Mamook  isick,  to  jiaddle. 
Is  -ick  Btiok,  H.     Chinook  and  Fliiglish.     The  ash.    Literally,  2>ad- 

dle-wood. 
Il'-kuin, «'.     Chinook,  idem.     To  take;   take  hold  of;   hold;  yet. 

Iskum  okook  lope,  hold  on  to  that  rope;  mika  na  iskurof  did  you 

get  it  ? 
It'-lan,  or  Ifh-lan,  ».    Chinook,  Ithlana.     A  fathom;  the  length 

of  the  extended  arms. 
It'-lo-kum,  ».     Chinook,  idem;  Chihalis,  Sktlukum.     The  game  of 

"  hand," — a  common  amusement.     Mamook  itiokum,  to  gamble. 
Itl'-wil-lie,  n.     Chinook,  Eti.wii.i.     The  flesh;  meat  of  any  animal. 

Koiiaway  nika  itiwillie  sick,  all  my  flesh  is  sore. 
Its' 'WOOt,  ur  Itl'-hoot,  u.     Chinook,  Eitbiihlt.     ^I  black  bear. 

Itshoot  pasccsie,  thick  dark  cloth  or  blankets. 


PABT  I.    ORfNOOK — RNOLT8H. 


K. 

Kah,  adv.     Chinook,  Kakh.     Where;  whither;  whence.     Kah  mika 

mitlite?   where  do  you  live?  konaway  kah,  everywhere;   kah-kah, 

here  and  there. 
Kah'-kah,  n.     Cliinook  ami  Nisqually  (by  onoma.),  Skaka.     A 

crow. 
K&h-kwa,  adv.     Nootka;  Tokwaht,  Achko.     Like;  similar  to; 

equal  with ;  as,    Kahkwa  nika  tnmtum,  so  I  think  (literally,  such 

[is]  my  heart) ;  kahkwa  hyas  nika,  as  large  as  I ;  kahkwa  spose, 

a»  if;  kioshe  kahkwa,  that  is  right;  good  so. 
Kah'-na-'Way,  n.    Chinook,  TkanawA.    Acortis.    Kahnaway  stick, 

the  oak.     Used  only  on  the  Columbia  river. 
K&bp-ho,  n.    Chinook,  idem.     An  elder  brother,  sister,  or  cousin. 
Kail-ta,  ac/t>.    Chinook,  K  At  a.     How;  why,    Kahta  mika  mamook 

I'liook?  why  do  yon  do  that?  kahta  mika  chahko?  how  did  you 

come  ?  kahta  mika  ?  what  is  the  matter  with  you  ?  pc  kahta  ?  and 

why  so  ? 
Kal-ak-a-Uth-ma,  R.    Chinook,  Okalakalama.     a  goose.     Used 

on  the  lower  Columbia  river. 
Kal-a-lnxr&h-tie,  n.     Chinook,  Kalakwati  ;  Clatsop,  Ki.'whklati.. 

The  inner  bark  of  the  cedar  (thuja) ;  the  petticoat,  or  skirt,  former!;/ 

worn  by  wom^en,  and  often  made  of  strands  of  bark.    Kalakwahtie 

stick,  the  cedar-tree, 
Ka-Ii'-tan,  «.     Chinook,  Tklaitan.     An  arrow;   shot;   a  bullet. 

Kalitan  le  sac,  a  quiver;  a  shot-pouch, 
Kal-lak'-a-la,  or  Kul-luk'-ul-la,  n.     Chinook,  EalAkala.     A 

bird. 
K&m-aM,  or  U-kam-asS,  ».     Nootka.     The  Scilla  esculenla,—H 

bulbous  root  u^ed  for  food  by  the  Indians.    Jewitt  gives  (-iiamXss 

as  the  Nootka  (or  fruit,  also  for  su>eet,  or  pleasant  to  the  taste. 
K&m-ooks,  n,    Chinook,  IvLKAnoKRH.     A  dog.     Kahkwa  kamooks, 

like  n  dog  ;  beastly, 
Ka-mo'-iuk,  ».      Chinook,  idem.     Beads.     Tyee  kamosuk  (chict 

beads),  the  large  blue  glass  heads. 
Kap-au-&l-la.     Qunre  n.  d.     To  steal.     Kapsualla  klatawa,  to  steal 

uirny;  kHpsimllu  mnraook,  to  do  secretly. 
Kdlt-iuk,  or  K6t-BUk,  ".     Chinook,  idem.     The  middle  or  centre 

of  any  thing. 
Kau'-py,  n,     English.     Cofee. 


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8  DICTIONARY    OF   TIIK   CHINOOK    JAKGON. 

Ka-w4k,  v.    Chilmlis,  Kai;ak.     Tofii/.     Not  in  general  use. 

K4vr-ka-wak,  udj.     Chinook,  Kakawak.      Vcllim,  or  pale  grten. 

Ke6-kwil-lie,  i>rti).  (.'hinook,  Kik'hwii.i.  Low;  Itehw ;  nmier ; 
benentli ;  doini.  Muuwok  koekwillio,  lo  lower;  mitlitc  kcokwiliie, 
to  set  down;  put  under.     Not  used  in  the  sense  of  "clown  stream." 

Keep  -wot, «.  Chinook,  Okwti'owA ;  Yakunia,  Kai-vh,  a  pin  (Pan- 
dosy).  A  needle;  the  stin;/  of  an  insert ;  a  thorn.  Shoes  kcepwot, 
an  aid. 

Keh'-loke,  ".     Chinook,  iiieni.     A  siran.     Of  local  use  only. 

Keh'-see,  or  Ei'-SU,  n.     Chinook,  Ek^so.     An  apron. 

Keh-wa,  "dv.     (iwwrc  u.  <1.     JSecause.     Not  in  common  use. 

Kel'-a-pi,  or  Ka-la-pi,  v.  Chinook,  Kklai'ai.  To  turn;  return; 
overturn;  upset.  Jvolaiii  canini,  to  vpset  a  ranoe;  hyak  kelapi, 
cimte  baek  quickly ;  kehipi  kopa  house,  go  back  to  the  house  •  ma- 
niook  kelapi,  to  bring,  send,  or  carry  back;  kelapi  tumtum,  to 
change  one^a  mind. 

Kes'-Chi,  or  Keh-tsie.  Chinook,  Kikmtsi  (Anderson).  \ot with- 
standing ;  although.  Keschi  yakkn  niamook  kahkwa,  although  he 
dill  so.     Not  in  conmion  use. 

Ket'-ling,  (ir  Kit-ling,  ".     Kn^Mish.     A  kettle  ;  can;  basin,  in:. 

Kil-it'-8Ut,  ".     Chinook.  Ckw  II. iKTsiiLT.     Flint;  a  Imttle ;  glass. 

Kim'-ta,  or  Kim-tah',  /"■</'■  Chinook,  Kimva.  Behind;  after; 
(i/tcrwards;  IukI  ;  sinci.  KluXuwukhnXnh,  go  hehind ;  nika  elip,  pu 
yakka  kiratali,  J  _fir.it,  and  he  <i/terwards;  ukook  kimtah,  the  one 
behind;  kimtah  nika  iiannitsh  mik.'i,  since  J  saw  you. 

King  Ohautsh,  adj.  Kni;iis1i,  Kivo  (iKoiu.K.  English.  Kincr 
rhantslmiaii,  an  Kiigllshnini,. 

Ki'-nootI,  or  Ki'-UOOB,  ".     Chinook,  Kkainiti..     Tobacco. 

KlBh-lciBh,  ''.     Cliinook,  iilcni.      To  drier,  as  rattle  or  horses. 

Kiu'-a-tan,  ».  <  hinook,  Ikhata"--.  Cooley  kinatan,  a  racehorsr; 
stone  kinatan,  (i  stallion. 

Ki'-Wa, '"'7.     \Va.>iio,  Kamv  A  (Shaw).     Crooked.     Of  only  local  n»e. 

Ki  yah, /I.     Chihalis,  Kaiyakii.     Entrails. 

Klah,  adj.  Chinook,  Ki.akii.  Free  or  clear  from  ;  in  sight.  Kx. 
•  liec  \akka  klah,  uo\it  he  11  in  sight ;  klatawa  klah,  /"  esrii/>e,  as  n 
/iriiionir ;  cliahko  klah  (of  seed),  to  come  up;  (of  the  woods),  tn 
o/>en  out ;  (of  the  weathiT),  to  clear  up;  maniook  kluli,  to  uneorer. 
Mr.  .\ndirNih  i;i\i's  ;is  the  orij^inal  meaning,  to  oyvH  out  or  apfttar. 

Klah  hauie,  or  Klagh-anie',  <»/t'.  Chinook,  Ki.akham.  Out  i>j 
donrs ;  out;  wilhuul.  V.\,  .Mamook  klaghanic  okook,  put  that 
cu(;  kiftawa  klnghanii-,  to  go  out. 


TART   I.     CHINOOK — KNOr.ISIf. 


Kla'-how-ya.      Tlie   ordinary  salutation    at   meeting   or  parting. 

llmv  do  1/ou  do?  r/ood-lji/f ;  as,  klaliowya  sikiis,  </ond-bye,  friend. 
Kla-hdw-yuxn,  "<(/•,  »■     c;iiinook,  KiauAiia.     Poor;   miserable; 

wretched;   comjxission.      Kx.    Ilyas  klaliowyiini   iiika,  /  am  very 

jKior ;   inantook  kialiowyuni,  to  take  piii/  on;  fiive  alms;  be  gen- 
erous. 

Tlic  salutation  aliove  given  probably  originated  in  some  whining 

reply  to  the  first  whites,  ami  a  ilistin(!tion  has  since  arisen  between 

the  two  nioiU's  r)f  spelling,  which  is,  however,  purely  arbitrary. 
Kl&h-wa,  adv.      <,'hinook,  Ki.awakii.      Slow;   slowlij.      Ex,  Kla- 

tawa  kltihwa,  ijo  ntiiwli/. 
Klak,  ailr.     Chinook,  Ki.akw.     |  To  take]  of.     Ex.  Maiuook  klak 

stone  kiuatan,  to  oi.itrate  a  horse ;  nianiook  klak  I'assiette,  take  of 

the  plates ;  klak  kopa  wayhut,  ;iet  out  of  the  road. 
K14k-8ta,  or  Kluk'-Bta,  pron.     Chinodk,  T'kliksta.     Ex,  Klak- 

sla  inaniook  okook?  vlio  made  or  did  that  ^  halo  klaksta,  ho  one. 
Kl&k-Wim,  or  Kleh-kwan,  c.     (Ihihalls,  Ki.akwi.n.     To  wipe,  or 

ink.     Klakwun  Tassicttc,  to  wipe  a  pluti . 
Klale,  or  T'klale,  adj.     (Ihinook,  'J'l.KHi..     lilark,  or  dark  blite,  or 

i/reen. 
Klap,  »'.      Chinook,   Ki.AC.      To  Jind.      Ev.    Mika  na  klap  niika 

kiuatan  i  did  i/on  find  ijoHr  horse  ■   klap  tcii.'is,  li>  be  with  child. 
Kla'-pite,  »<.     Ciiinook,  Kui'ait.     Thread  ;  twine. 
Kl&a-ka,  or  Klus'-ka,  pron.     Chinook,  Km  ska.     The  if ;    thine; 

litem. 
Klat -a-wa,  c      Nootka,    Ki.AiriKWAii  (Jewitt);    Nittinat,  Ki.at- 

iiLKii.      To  I/O.     Klatuwa  tcuhwil.  In  walk;  ao  on  font ;   klatawa 

kopa  kiuatan,  lo  ride ;  klatawa  kopa  Imat,  la  lad ;  nianiook  klatawa, 

to  mild. 

Kla-wh4p,  ».     Chinook,  Kill)  u'.     .1  hole.     .Maniook  klawliap.  In 

dill  a  hole. 
Klem'-a-hun,  c     Chihalis,  idem.      Til  sliili ;    til  iriiiind;    In  dart; 

til  east  as  a   sjiear ;    In  honk  or  i/nre  ns  an  n.r.     Nika  klcmahnn 

^HlMun,  /  spiar  salinnn, 
Xlihl,  or  Klilt,  ailj.     I'hinonk,  Ki.iiii..      Ihllir,     Nut  o|'  universal 

use.      Mr.  Male  makes  it  Ki.iii,  smir. 
IClik -a  muks,   ".      ('Iiinnuk,    KmivMhk-^.      HIaekbrrrirs,  or  more 

]ii'i'pcily  di  iilii rvii  N. 

Klik' wal-lie,  or  Kloke' wal  lie.    •hinouk,  Kmkumi.     /wtrv-t 

H'nr  ;   iin  nrmlil  or  tnaeihl  nj' lira>s  leni.      Mr.   Alhlcr-ou  >(i>c-*  tim 
original  ineiining  as  simply  brass. 


1,  , 
■•4    ^ 


10 


niCriONARY    OF   TIIK    CHINOOK    JARGON. 


'M 


Klim-in'-avrhit,  «.,  v.     Cliinook,  Kuminawiut.     A  lie;    to  lie. 

Hyas  kuintiiks  kliinin.iwliit,  he  is  a  i/imt  liar  (literally,  he  knows 

Will  how  to  Hi), 
Klim'-min,   or   Tglimminlrlimmin,   adj.     Chinook,    Tklrmik- 

TKi.KMix.     Soft;  Jiiie  in  substance.     The  reiluplicnlion  denotes  the 

(limiiiutive,  but  in  jarffon  it  is  generally  used  singly.     Ex.  Klimmin 

sajwleel,  _//«'(/•  ,•  klimmin  illaliic,  7nud ;  marshij  firoiind ;  niamook 

klimmin,  to  soften  as  bi/  dressing  a  skin. 
Klip,  «<(/',     Chinook,  Kkiipk;  Chihnlis,  Ki.ui-itl  :  Nisqunlly,  Klkp. 

Deep;  snnhn.     Klip  clinck,  (/fr/i /rrt/cr;  klip  sun,  S((«4r/. 
Klis'-kwiss,  n.     Chinook,  idem.     A  mat. 
K16gh-klogh,  n.     Chinook,  Oki.okiiki.o,      Oysters.     The  word  is 

I'ciininon  to  the  I'ngct  Sunnd  tribes,  as  well  as  to  the  (Miinooks. 
JKlo-nass,  "(/''.    Chinook,  idem.    Kxiiression  of  uncertainty  or  doubt. 

Prrhiijis  ;   I  don't  himr  ;   moi/  be  .vo  ,•   who  knowi  '     K<:|nivnlent  to 

the  Spanish  i/h/Vh  sid'i.     Kx.  Kloiiass  nika  klatawa,  j)erh(t/ts  /  shall 

f/o.      Q.  Kail  mika  kah]iho?  where  is  i/our  brother  /     A,  Kionnss, 

/  don't  know. 
Klone.  ""7.     Cliiiiodk,  Tki.on.     Three, 

Klook, 'i(//,    Knjciish.    f'rookid.    \\U»Ai  Xeiihwit,  broken  lit/i/ed  ;  lame. 
Klootch-man,  f(.     Nootka  and  Tokwaht,  Ki.i  tsma.     A  woman  ;  a 

t'emale  of  .Mny  animal.     Tenas  klootshman,  u /7"7  ,"  klootclinmn  kin 

atan,  (/  niiire. 
Kloae,  or  Kloshe. '"(y.,  ('•/''.     \<>otka;  Tokwaht.  Ki.oinr.;  Makah, 

Ki.oiKi.o;    Nistjnall_\,  Ki.nii.      (iitml ;    well ;    well  enoiii/h.      Klnsln' 

nannitsh,  Imk  mit ;   Inkr  eatr  ;  livas  kloshe,  reri/  well. 
Klose-spOSe.      N'notka,  Klohti.  ;   Knglish,  Sii-i-osh.      Shall  or  nmi/ 

J ;  let  nii:     Kx.  Kiose-spose  niku  nnimook  pia  okook  !  .shall  I  enok 

that  '  (lit.Tally,  [<<  it\  </ih„I  that  I  make  nnik  that  .'). 
Klugh,  or  Klugb-klugh.     ChinooL,  Km-kh.      Tallin:     Maniixik 

kliigli  iilahie,  to  jilitinih  (litfrally,  to  tear  the  f/roinnl). 
Klukulh',   «i    Klak  alh'.   '"//.     Chilialis,   'IYikitim.      /Innid    i<r 

Hide,  us  of  a  plank. 
Ko.  I'.     Chinook,  idem.      Tn  naeh  ;  arrive  at.     Chee  klaitka  ko,  thii/ 

hare  just  tome:  kansih  nesika  ko  kopa  Nisijnally?  when  shall  we 

riihh    .\'(.\yi(«//i/, 

Ko  ko. '■.     Chino..k  (by  imoma).     To  knock.     Koko  Mi>k,  <»  »•'.(«/ 


/'■' 


Kok'shui. '.  N>'otka,  KAhiiHiiKii  ;  Klaokwat,  Kwac  imi..  In  the 
original,  (/«»</  To  break  ;  broken;  to  beat,  Ilyns  koksliul.  A»«iX-.(i 
to  /Jiieet, 


^T   r.     CHINOOK — KNGLISH. 


II 


Kon'-ft-mray,  udj.  Ckiuouk,  Kanaw£:.  All;  every.  Klaska  kon- 
away  klatawa,  they  have  all  yone ;  konaway  tilikum,  everybody; 
koiiawuy  krth,  everywhere. 

Koo'-sah,  or  K6-sah,  n.  Chinook,  Ekosakh.  Tke  sky.  Only 
used  on  the  Columbia. 

K,Oi'-pei,  adv.,  prep.  (Ihinook,  idcui.  To;  in;  at;  with;  towards; 
of;  about ;  concerniiiy :  there  or  in  that  place.  Ex.  Kopa  nika  house, 
at  my  house;  lolo  okook  kopa  inika,  take  that  home  with  you 
(o(]uivalcnt  to  tlio  French  chcs  vous) ;  cultus  kopa  nika,  it  is  nothivy 
to  me.  Q.  Kah  okook  lope!  where  is  that  rope.''  A.  (motioning 
with  the  chin  towards  the  place)  Kopali. 

Ko-pet',  I'.,  adv.  Chinook,  idem.  'J'u  stop;  leave  off;  enouyh. 
Kopet  wau-wau,  stop  talking ;  kopet  ikt,  o»ly  one ;  kopet  okook, 
that's  all;  wake  siah  kopet,  nearly  Jininhnl ;  kopet  tomalla,  day 
after  to-morrow,  i 

KO'Wr,  V.  Chinook,  Kau-kau.  To  tie;  to  fasten,  Kow  inika  kiua- 
tan,  tie  your  horse;  ikt  kow,  a  bundle, 

Kull,  atij,  Chinook,  K'hul-k'iiul.  Hard  in  substance;  difficult. 
Chahko  kull,  to  become  hard ;  uianiook  kidl,  to  harden;  to  cuust  to 
become  hard ;  hyas  kull  sposo  niamook,  it  is  very  hard  to  do  so; 
kull  Ktick,  oak  or  any  hard  woml, 

Kul-lagh',  or  Kul-lagh'-an,  n.  Chihalis,  KuLLAKii ;  Lummi,  Kl  i.- 
I.I  KUAN.  A  fence;  a  corral,  or  incloaure,  KuUagh  stick,  fence 
rails.  In  the  original,  it  meant  the  stockade  with  wliich  Indian 
houses  arc  oftoik  surrounded. 

Kum'-tuks,  or  Kdmetakl,  v.  Nootka,  Kommktak  (Jewitt); 
Tokwaht,  Ki  xim  ks  ;  Clayoquol,  Kemitak.  To  know;  understand ; 
be  acquainted  with;  imagine;  believe.  Mani<«)k  knmtuks,  to  cr- 
plain;  teach;  hyas  kumtuks  soUeks  (litcrailj,  wdl  to  understand 
auger),  to  be  passionate;  kopet  kumtuks,  to  forget;  halo  kmntuks, 
stupid;  without  understanding  ;  (of  a  horse)  hyas  yakka  kimituk.'i 
cooley, /iB  ran  run  fast  {fiicxtiWy,  he  knows  well  to  run);  kumtuk^ 
kliminawhit,  to  be  a  liar;  to  understand  lyirg ;  nika  kuiutuks  ukook 
tyi'c,  /  know  that  chief;  nika  kumtuks  Klikatat  wau-wau,  /  under- 
.sliuitl  III!   Klikatat  languaije. 

Kun'a-moxt,  adj.  Chinook,  Konau.w  suww  Jiolh ;  together 
(lilcraliy,  all  two).     KuiiiiniHXt  kalikw.i,  Imlh  iilike. 

Kun'-sih,  Kan' aih,  Kun  Juk,  Kunjie,  "</''•    (hiuook,  Ki  n- 

-K>  Kii.  Unit'  itoiiii/ ;  tvloii;  ((•((•.  Kml^lil  tilikiuu  mitlitc  J  how 
many  /ttople  are  there.'  kutisih  niika  klatawa  J  i(7if/»  do  you  go.' 
wake  kiuihih,  never;  mnniook  kuiisih,  to  count. 


m 


12 


DICriONART   OF  THK  CHINOOK   JAKOON. 


[\\ 


Kush'-is,  w.     Cliihalis,  Kosms.     SUirkint/s.     In  tho  original,  any 

clastic  article  of  dress.     Not  in  general  use. 
K^xrah'-ne-SUm,  «</''.     Chinook,  Kwanisum;  Yakania,  KwAi.isim. 

Always  ;  forever. 
Kwdh-nice,  «.    Klikatat,  Kwauuis.     ,1  whale. 
K'^ihta,  n.     English.     The  quarter  of  a  dollar.    Tho  quarter  of 

any  number  is  usually  expressed  in  Jargon  by  tenat  aitkuni,  i.  e.,  u 

,s;/irt//  half. 

Kixrah'-tin.    Heo  YAKWAiniN. 

Kwaist,  or  Kweest,  aJj.     Chinook,  Kwaitst.    Ninr. 

Kwa-lal'-kwa-lal',  v.     Chinook,  KwuLLiL-KWULLiL.     To  gallop. 

"Kwalll,  II.     Chihalis,  Kwatlii.     An  aunt. 

Kvrann,  adj.     Chinook,  Kwan-kwan.     Glad.    According  to  Mr. 

Anderson,  it  inc.ins  a  custom  or  liabit.     It  is  used  by  some  in  thi? 

souse  as  tamed  or  broken,  as  of  a  horse  (McCormick).     Kwal  is 

\is(|ually  for  tame. 
Kwasfl,  >'.,  adj.    Chinook,  idem.     Fear;  afraid;  lame.     Mamook 

kwas.s,  (ofrii/hten  ;  to  tame. 
Kv^ates,  or  Kwehtfli  adj.     Chihalis,  Kwets.     Sour.  ' 

K^^^h-kweh,  »'.    Chinook,  Okw^kwk  (by  onoma.).     .1  tiKillurd 

duck.     Used  cliiorty  at  mouth  of  the  Columbia. 
Kw^k-wi-eni,  >i.     Chiluili!<,  idem.     .,-1  ;<iii.     Of  limited  use. 
Kw6o-kw6o,  *'.     Chinook,  Tkwko-kwko.     A  riwi ;  a  circfr. 
KVTBtlh,  adj.     Chihalis,  idem,     (.\iuierson.)     I'miid.     Not  in  gen- 

rnil  use. 
Kwiu'-num,  adj.     Chinook,  Kwknem.     Five. 
Kwiah.  or  Kn^eeih,  inlerj.    Refusing  any  thing  contemptuously. 

Ki|iiiviilent  to  "  A'o  ijoa  don  I."     Used  on  tlic  lower  Columbia. 
Kwit'-Bhad-ie,   ".     Ni^'iualiy,   KwiTHnniK.     The  hare  or  rabbit. 

Confined  to  I'ugct  Sound. 
Kwo-lanu',  or  Kwo-lah'-nie,  ><      Chihalis,  Kwolan  ;  Ni!M|uall\, 

K\Mi  vM.     The  Kir.     Ii:il<>  kwnlann,  or,  ikpooie  kwolann,  daif 
Kwillh,  or  Kwult,  r.     Chinook,  Kwt'Lt'h.      To  hit;    to  woiiml 

with  an  arrow  or  ij nil ;    to  strike  with  a  stick  or  k tone ;    or  in  inn/ 

iiiiiHiier  without  CHttiim  ;   In  hit. 
Kwun'-nun,  ".     Chiiiaiis  idem.     .1  muni ;  III! iidiers.     K.\.  Mamook 

kwunnini,  U>  cmiiil.     Of  iiii'rcly  local  imc. 
Kwutl.  u((/.     < 'liinimk,  i'lcm.     I.itcraliy,7ii.i/.      Tn  juifh  or  sijuee:t 

AS  in  packing  ;  h^n.s  luauiuok  kuuti,  haul  tii/hl. 


PART   I.    CHINOOK — ENGLISH. 


13 


La-bleed',  «.     French,  La  uiuuk.     ^1  bridle. 

La-boos',  u.     French,  La  uouchk.     The  moulh;  mouth  of  a  river 

Moxt  liiboos,  the  forks  of  a  river. 
La-boo-ti',  «.     French,  La  boutkillk.     A  bottle. 
La-ca-lat',  n.     French,  La  cakotte.     A  carrot, 
La-ca-set',  v.     French,  La  casetik.     A  box,  trunk,  or  chest. 
La-clo-a,  n.     French,  La  ckoix.     A  crosn. 
Lagh,  V-     Chinook,  Lakh.     To  lean;  to  tip,  us  a  boat;  to  stoop;  to 

bend  over,  as  a  tree.    Wake  niika  high  kopu  okook  house,  donH  lean 

aijainst  that  house. 
La-gome,  ».     French,  La  oomme.    Pitch;  ijlue.    Lii  gouio  stick, 

lii/ht-ioood;  the  pitch-piiie. 
La-gwin',  or  La-kween',  n.    C^ncrc  n.  d.    .1  saw, 
LahU.     Sec  Slaiiai.. 
Lahb,  "■     French,  L'liERnE.     The  arbutus  uvu  ursi,  tho  loaves  of 

wliich  arc  used  in  smoking,  alone  or  mixed  with  tobacco. 
La-h&sh,  )i.     French,  La  iiaciie.     An  axe  or  hatchet, 

La-kam-mas'.    Ski  K  am  ass. 

Lak'-it,  or  Ijok'-it,  adj.     Chinook,   Lakt.      Four;  four  times. 

liiikit  taht-loluin,  forti/. 
La'-kles,  >i.     French,  La  guaisse.     Fat ;  oil.    Sue,  also,  (Jlease. 
La-l&h,  t'.    Chinook,  Lakuwuola.    To  cheat ;  fool ;  to  practise  jokes. 

Maniook  iahih,  to  make  fun, 
La-lahm',  or  La-lum',  u,     French,  La  itAMK.     .!»  oar,     Maniook 

lalahin,  to  row. 
La-I4ng,  u.     French,  La  lanoi'e.     The  tuwjuc;  a  lani/uui/e. 
La  leem,  >/.     French,  La  lime.     Ajilc, 
La  messe',  ><.      French,  idem.     The  ceremouy  of  the  mass. 
La  m6s-tin,  or  La  m6-tchin,  u.    French,  La  m^ugcine.    Mv.le- 

tiiiv,  not  iiirluiiinn'  iniiijii-, 
Lam'-mi-eh,  or  Lam-mi-i,  ".     French,  La  mkille.     An  old 

iiuiiudii. 
La mdn-ti,  or  La-m6-ti,  ".    French,  La  MOMAtiNK.    .t  montilain. 
La  peep'.  ».     I''rin>li,  ].\  in  k.     ,1  tiibncco/iiiir,     Lapccp  ktilliik»L» 

flilcriilly,  the   "  i>i|n'-l>ird"),   the  baml-tailid  tii;)li\  as  its  fcallicrs 

\\vn<  used  to  i>rnainciil  the  y'\[<v  stcuis. 
La-p^hlh,  >i.     Frencii,  La  ieuciie.     ..1  pole;  the  setlitiy-jiole  of  a 

boat  or  cauoe. 


:  i  . 


'-t, 


!  I   I 

'If 


Vt; 


1 


Kli! 

I'iiT 


14 


DICIIONAKY    OK   TBK   CHINOOK   JARGON. 


Hi!   I 


Freuch,  La  planche.     A  board. 

French,  La  rofti-K.     A  /njiiiff-jHin.     Mamook  lapoel, 


French,  La  roMMK.     An  apple. 
French,  La  I'OUtE.    A  fowl;  jxtultry. 


tSiwHsh  lapool, 


A  fork. 


La-pel-lah.  c     iiniire  if  from  the  French,  Lk  koyek.     Mamook 

hipcllah,  to  ro(i''t  before  the  fire, 
La-pelle',  «.     French,  La  i-ei.lk.     A  nhut'el  or  sjxule. 
La-pe-osh',  h.     French,  La  piochk.     A  mattock ;  a  hoe. 
La-piege,  ».     French,  La   riftcK.      A   trap.     Ecna  la  piege,  a 

beaver-trap. 

La-plash,  n. 
Lapoel',  n. 

to  fry. 

La-p<hue, ». 
La-pool',  n. 

the  grouse. 

La-poo-8het',  n.     French,  La  foirchette. 

La-pdte,  «.     French,  La  iTi.TE.    A  door. 

La-sdnjel, »».     French,  La  cinule.     A  girth ;  a  sash;  a  bell. 

La-see,  ».     French,  La  scie.     A  saw. 

La-sell',  11.     French,  La  skli.e.     .1  saddle. 

La-shal-loo,  or  L&-8hal-lee, ».    French,  La  chahhue.    A  plough. 

La-shan-del,  n.     French,  La  ciiandklle.     A  candle. 

La-sh&se,  "•     French,  La  chaisk.     A  chair. 

La-shen',  ".     French,  La  ciiaine.     .1  chain. 

Las-siet',  ».     French,  L'assiettk.    ^1  plate. 

La-SW&y,  "■,  adj.     French,  La  huie.     Silk;  silken. 

La-t&llb,  n.     French,  La  table.     A  table. 

La-tet',  n.     French,  La  TftTE.     The  head.     Vil  UUii,  red-headed. 

La-tlah',  ».     French,  Tkai.v  ;  as,  "  ne  fiiites  pas  He  train."     (Ander- 
son).    A  noise.     Mamook  latlali,  to  make  a  noise. 

La-wen',  n.     French,  L'avoink.     Oaln. 

La-west',  n.     Frcncli,  La  vkktk.    ^1  icaittcoat. 

Lazy,  adj.     English,  idem.     La:;/. 

Le-b&h-do  (often  pronounced  Iab'-a-<lo),  n.     French,  Le  bardsau. 
.1  xli  ingle. 

Le-bal',  ".     Frendi,  idem.     >1  ball;  bullet.     Tcnaa  Irbal,  shot. 

Le-bis'-kwie,  «.     French,  Le  bihciit.     Biscuit;   crackers;   hard 
bread. 

I<e-blau',  II.,  <"(/.     Frcnth,  Le  ulu.M). 
rnliired. 

Le  clem',  '<.  ailj.     Frcmli,  Le  ck^-mr 

(■!>/, irid   iir   light   diiu   Imrse. 
Le  cock',  II.     Frcncii,  Le  coy.     A  cork ;  a  fowl, 
Le-doo',  'I.     French,  Le  DOiur,    A  finger. 


A  sorrel  hone;   chesmul 
Cream-eolored ;  a  crtatib- 


PART  I.    CHINOOK — RNOUSH. 


15 


Iie-gl6y,  «.,  adj.  French,  Lr  oris,  or  English  Gray,  with  French 
article.     A  gray  horse;  prai/, 

Le-Jaub'.    See  Diaub. 

Iie-kl6h,  n.  French,  Lk  clkf.  A  key.  Mamook  Ic  kleh,  lock  tht 
door. 

liO-kloo',  n.    French,  Le  clou.     A  nail;  nails. 

Xie-koo',  n.    French,  Lk  cou.     The  neck. 

Ij0-ky'e,  n.,  adj.  Mr.  Anderson  derives  this  from  a  Canadian  word 
faille,  meaning  a  piebald  horse.  In  its  jargon  use,  it  means,  also,  a 
spot,  spotted,  or  speckled ;  as,  lekye  salmon,  the  spotted  or  irinler 
sulmon  {salmo  canis,  Suckley). 

Iie-lo'-ba,  n.     French,  Le  ruban.     A  ribbon, 

Ije-loo',  «.    French,  Lk  loup.     A  wolf  (the  large  wolf). 

Ije-m&h,  or  Ijeh-ma,  n.  French,  La  main.  The  hand ;  the  arm. 
Kloshe  lemali,  the  right  (literally,  the  good  hand) ;  potlatch  Icmah, 
shake  hands, 

Xie-Ill41l-to,  n.     French,  Le  marteau.     A  hammer. 

Ije-mel',  n.    French,  Le  mulet.     A  mttle. 

IjO-mo'-lo,  n.,  adj.  French  Canadian,  Le  moron;  undo\ibtedly  a 
corruption  of  marron,  a  runaway  negro.  Wild;  untamed.  It  ap- 
plies to  men  as  well  as  animals,  as,  for  instance,  to  the  tribes  which 
have  had  no  intercourse  with  the  bcttlements. 

Ije-moo'-to,  or  Ijam'-mu-to,  n.     French,  Les  moutonb.     Sheep. 

lie-pan',  n.    French,  Lk  pain.     Bread ;  raised  or  light  bread, 

Le-pee',  «.    French,  Le  pied.     The  feet, 

Le-pilll'-e-mo,  ».  Vjusere  u.  d.  The  saddle-blanket  and  housingi 
of  a  horse, 

Ije-pl6t,  "■     French,  Le  pr^tre.     A  priest. 

Ii6-pwau',  n.     French,  Lrs  pois.     Peas. 

lie-sak',  .       French,  Lk  sac.     A  bag;  a  pocket. 

Le-iap',  or  Le-zep',  ".     French,  Le8  ceufb.     An  f(fg;  eggs, 

Le-B^e-blO,  n.     Frcncli,  Les  Apkrons.     Spurs, 

liO-B^e-ZO,  n.     French,  Lk  ciheau.     Scissors. 

Le  s6ok,  ".     Frcnoli,  Li:  suchk.     Sugar. 

Le-t&h.  »'.     French,  Lk  dknt.     The  teeth, 

Le  whet',  ».     French,  Lk  koikt.     A  whip.     Mamook  lewhet,  /" 

irhi/>. 

Lice,  ".     Kfiiflisli,     7i'(Vc. 

Lik  pu'  hu,  or  Lik'-po,  ".      (Iful^.)      An  elder  sister.     Mr.  Hale 

j;ivcs  tills  as  it  Chinook  wonl.     If  so,  it  is  probably  ii  corruption  ot 

Ki'p'hi).     It  is  not  used  in  Jargun. 


i 


A' I 


"M 


I 


^•j. 


■-)  ',-■ 


i 


16 


mCTIONARY   OF  THK   CHINOOK   JARGON'. 


Up'-lip,  t'.     By  onrtina.  (Halo).     To  holl.     Mnmook  liplip,  to  make, 

or  cause  to  boil. 
L6-I0,  V.    Chinook,  idem.     t)rigiiialiy,  to  carry  a  child  on  the  back. 

In  Jargon,  used  in  a  more  extended  sense.     To  carry;   to  load. 

Lolo  kopa  tsiktsik,  to  carrif  in  a  cart.     Mamook  lolo  kopa  canini, 

to  load  into  a  canoe. 
Jm-Io',  adj.    Chinook,  Lowt'LLo.     Round;  whole;  the  entire  0/ any 

thinff.    Lolo  sapclcel,  whole  wheal ;  mamook  lolo,  to  roll  up  (Shaw). 
IiOpe,  w.     English,  Ropk.     A  rope.    Tenae  iope,  a  cord;  skin  lope, 

a  raw  hide,  riata,  or  thonp. 
Luk'-ut-chee,  or  Li-kwit-chee,  ».     French,  La  coqcillg.  (?) 

Clams.    Used  chiefly  on  Puget  Sound. 
IiUm,  ».     English,  Kdm.     Spirits  of  any  sort. 


M. 

M&h-kook,  n,  n.  Nootka,  Makik;  Nittinat  and  Tokwaht,  idem; 
Makah,  Bakwatl.  To  buy  or  tiell ;  trade  or  exchange;  a  bargain. 
As  their  baying  and  selling  was  merely  barter,  the  same  word  always 
answered  for  l)oth  operations.  Kali  mika  mahkook  okook  calipecn  ? 
where  did  yon  buy  that  rifle  '  hyas  mahkook,  (/mr  ;  tcnas  mahkook, 
cheap. 

M&h-koOk*hoiUe.     A  trading-house  or  a  store. 

fSihrliB,  V.    Nisqually.     To  forget.    Of  local  use  on  Puget  Sound. 

SSslllh,  V.  a.  French,  Marcher.  To  leave ;  to  turn  out;  to  throw 
away;  to  jmrt  with;  remove.  Ex.  Mahsh  chuck  kopa  boat,  601/ 
the  boat  out ;  mahsh  okook  salmon,  throw  away  that  fish;  mahsh 
maika  capo,  take  off  your  emit ;  mahsh  !  (to  a  dog)  get  out!  mahsh 
tcnas,  to  have  a  child;  to  lie  delivered ;  yakka  mahsh  tum-tum  kopa 
nika,  he  has  given  me  his  orders,  or  told  me  his  wishes;  mahsh  kow, 
to  untie ;  mahsh  stone,  to  castrate. 

Iff&h-lid,  ''■     French,  Mkrcie.     Thank  you. 

M&ht-lin-nie,  nc/i'.  Chinook,  MAtuni.  Offshore.  (In  boating), 
keep  off!  (if  on  land),  towards  the  water. 

M&ht-wil-lie,  adv.  Chinook,  MAthwili.  In  shore;  shoreivard. 
(As  a  command),  keep  in;  (on  land),  towards  the  wood.s,  or  the 
interior. 

Ma-l&h,  n.    Chinook,  Malaoh.     Tinware;  crockery;  earthenware. 

Mal-i-6h,  t'.     BVench,  Marieh.     To  marry. 

Ma'-ma,  u.    English,  Mamua.     A  mother. 

Mam'-OOk,  t'. a.    Nootka,  Ma mck.    To  make ;  to  do;  to  work.     U 


! 


PART    I.     CHINOOK — KNOUSII. 


M 


is  the  general  active  verb,  and  is  used  iartjcly  in  combination  with 
nouns  and  other  verbs;  as,  niamook  ciialilvn,  iiiak-e  to  come,  fetch; 
niamook  keiipai,  brinr/  or  send  bark;  nianiook  isick,  to  paddle; 
inanionk  iliahcc,  to  dij. 

Man,  n.  English,  idem.  A  w<in ;  the  iiuile  of  any  animal.  Ex. 
Man  inooloek,  a  hHcIc  elk  ;  t(Mius  man,  a  young  man  or  boy. 

M61-a-kwa,  <>r  Mdl-a-kwa,  n.  French,  Mabanqouin.  (Ander- 
son.)    A  mosquito. 

Blel'-aSB,  V.     French,  Mki.aksk.     Afolasse.t. 

SEem'-a-loost,  »■.,  «.,  jmrt.  (Chinook,  Mkmai.ist.  To  die;  dead. 
Mamook  memaloost,  to  kilt. 

Itfe-S&ll-chie,  n(//.     Chinook,  MasAcih.     Had;  wicked. 

Sle-si'-ka,  proM.     (.'iiinook,  iMksAika.      Voii  ;  your;  yours. 

Mi'-ka, p'oH.     CJhinouk,  MAiKA.     Thou;  thy;  thine. 

JXEi'-mie,  adv.     Chinook,  MAiami.     Dowti  stream. 

Mist-chi'-mas,  n.  Quaere  n.  d.  A  Klure.  Dr.  Scoulcr  gives  this 
word  as  Nootka  and  Columbian.  Mr.  Halt.'  makes  it  Chinook.  It 
is  certainly,  however,  neither  Chinodk  nur  <'liihalis;  and  Jewitt 
gives  kakoelth  as  Nootka,  while  I  find  liio  Makah  word  kotlo,  and 
the  Nittinat  kotl. 

Iffit-dsS,  M.     Cree,  Mitas.     (Anilerson.)     Ler/i/inys.     A  word  im-- 
ported  by  the  Canadian  French. 

AUt'-lite,  i'.  ('hinook,  MnLArr.  To  xit ;  .•<lt  down;  stay  at;  re- 
side; remain.  It  is  also  used  in  place  ol'  to  have  and  to  be.  Ex. 
Mitlitc  kopa  liouse,  he  i.\  in  the  house;  tnitiitc  hyin  salmon  kopa 
niika?  have  you  plenty  of  salmon  ?  mitlite  (/«7>.),  .s//  doim ;  cultiis 
millite,  to  stop  anywhere  without  piirticular  olijirt ;  mitlitc  tenas,  to 
be  with  '•hild ;  mitlite  keekwillie,  iV>  put  down. 

SUt'-Whi.t,  ''.  Chinook,  Amktwiik.i',  To  stand ;  stand  up.  Mit- 
whit  stick,  a  standiny  tree  ;  <i  muni. 

Mokst,  adj.     Chinook,  Maksi.      Tiro;  tirire. 

Sloo'-la,  II.     French,  Mori.ix.     A  mill.     Stick  moola,  a  saw-mill. 

Moo'-lock,  n.  Chinook, "l-^Mii.iK,  An  elk.  J'liirt  wnnl,  straMi;i>ly 
enough,  occurs  also  in  the  Koquilth  of  IImnbo!ilt  liay. 

Moon,".  English,  idem.  7'he  moon.  Ikt  moon,  u  month;  sick 
moon,  the  wane  or  old  moon. 

Moos'-moOB,  ».     Klikfitai,  MrsMi's ;  Chinonk,  Km^mmi-s.     Ihi/I'olo  , 
horned  cuttle.     Tile  woiil,  slightly  variccl,  is  I'ciniiKin  to  -I'Vcral  Ian- 
giiflgfs,     Mr.  Anderson  di'i'ivcs  if  from  tln'Ciii'  wmd  //^.(lv^l(l^,  n 
linti'alu,  and  snpposcs  it  to  Imve  been  iniiiofti'.i  li\  tin;  Canadians; 
but  Father  I'nnilosy  makes  musinnn  Yakann*. 

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niCTIONARY   OK  THK   CHINOOK  JABOOX. 


\>4 


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Moo'-8um,  I'.,  H.  C'liilmlis,  MirsAM.  To  sleep;  sleep,  TikcgU  moo- 
sum,  or  olo  moosuin,  lo  he  sleep//  (literally,  lo  teant,  or  he  hunpryfor 
deep) ;  nika  hyns  moosum,  /  slept  very  sound, 

Md'W-itsh,  or  Mah'-witsh,  »•  Nootka,  Mal-itsh  (Hale) ;  Nit- 
tinat,  Morrsii,  a  deer;  Nootka,  Moowatsii,  a  heur  (Jewitt).  A 
deer;  venison.  Frequently  used  to  signify  a  wild  animal;  as,  hul- 
oinia  mow  itch,  a  strange  or  different  kind  of  beast.  The  meaning 
given  in  Jowitt's  book  is  probably  a  misprint  Like  moolock,  an 
elk,  the  word  is  found  in  the  Koquilth  of  Humboldt  Bay. 

XSuck-a-muck,  ».,  v.  Quscrc  u.  d.  Makamak  (Hale).  To  eat;  to 
liite;  food.  Muckamuck  chuck,  <fec.,  to  drink  water,  or  other  liquid. 
Neither  Chinook  nor  Chihalis.  Mr.  Anderson  considers  it  an  in- 
vented word. 

Mus'-ket,  N.  KngliHli,  idem.  A  ijun  or  musket.  Stick  musket,  a 
bow. 

^     N. 

Na.  The  interrogative  particle.  Ex.  Mika  na  klatawa  okook  sun  ? 
do  you  (JO  to-day  ^  Interrogation  is,  however,  often  conveyed  by 
intonation  only. 

Na-^,  ".  Chinook,  Tlkanaa.  A  mother.  (Hale.)  Pecnliar  to 
the  Columbia,  and  now  in  fact  obsolete,  the  English  Ma'ma  being 
used  instead. 

Nab,  intcrj.  Common  to  several  languages.  Look  here.'  I  sai,  ' 
Nahsikhs!  halloo,  friend .'  Also  used  in  common  conversatiou  t<> 
call  attention  to  some  point  not  thoroughly  understood  In  the 
Yakama  language,  it  is  the  sign  of  the  vocative ;  as,  nah  tehn !  0 
man, 

Nan'-itsh,  «'.  Quiere  u.  d.  To  see;  look;  look  for;  seek.  Xan- 
itsh  !  look  there!  kloshe  nanitsh  !  lookout.'  lake  care .'  cultus  nan- 
itsh,  to  look  round  idly,  or  from  curiosity  only.  Mamook  nanitsh,  to 
show.  The  word  is  neither  Chinook  nor  Chihalis.  Dr.  Scoulor  give^ 
iiannanitch  as  Nootka  and  Columbian.   Jl  is  possibly  the  former. 

Nau'-its,  a(/c.  ('liihaiis,  Noit.su.  Mr.  Hale  gives  this  for  o/'.«/(o/y, 
en  the  sirrniti.  It  means,  according  to  Mr.  Antlerson,  the  sea-hcach, 
!»iid  is  not  properly  a  Jargon  word. 

Na-wit'-ka,  "</('.  ('hiiinuk,  idem;  Klikatat  and  Vakama,  N'wuka. 
JV.v ;  rtrldiiilij;  i/fs  int/ml ;  lo  be  sure.  Nawitka  wake  nika  kuni- 
tiiks,  iniliCil  I  iliiHi  kiKiir.  In  answer  ti>  a  nejiatlve  (piestimi,  many 
lndi;ins  use  it  as  utlirniing  the  negative.  Kx.  Wake  mika  nanitsh  • 
did  you  net  see  [i I \-'     St\vt\{ka,  I  did  not. 


PAST  I.    CHINOOK — ENGLISH. 


19 


iTem,  n.    English,  Name.     A  name.     Mamook  ncm,  to  name,  or  call 

by  ttame. 
Ne-n&m-OOks,  n.    Chinook,  EnanAmuks.     T/ie  land  otter. 
JXeA' -lUi,  pron.     Chinook,  NisAiKA.     We;  us;  our. 
1T6'-Wliah.     Chinook,  Niwha.     It  seems  to  be  an  adverb  used, 

as  is  often  the  case,  as  a  verb,  the  meaning  being  hither,  come,  or 

bring  it  hither.     Ex.  Newhah  nika  nanitsh,  here,  let  me  see  it, 
Jjfi'-lUL.,  pron.    Chinook,  Naika.    /;  me;  my;  mine. 
IToie,  ».     English,  idem.     The  nose;  also,  a  promontory.     Boat 

nose,  the  bow  of'  a  boat. 


O'-koke,  or  O'-koOk,  pron.     Chinook,  Okok.     This;   that;   it. 

Iktah  okook?  what  is  that?  okook  sun,  to-day;  okook  klaksta,  he 

who;  okook  klaska,  they  (being  present).     It  is  offon  abbreviated 

to  oke  ;  as,  oke  sun. 
O'-la-pitl-ki,  n.    Chinook,  Oolpitski.     (Hale.)     Fire.    Not  prop- 
erly a  Jargon  word. 
O'-le-man,  n.,  adj.    English,  Old  man.    An  old  man;  old;  worn 

out.    Ilyas  oleman  kiuatan,  a  very  old  horse.    As  regards  articles, 

used  in  the  sense  of  worn  out. 
Ol'-hy-iu,  n.    Chinook,  Olhaitu.    A  seal, 
O'-lil-Iie,  or  O'-lal-Iie,  n.    Belbella,  idem.    (Tolmic.)    Originally 

the  salmon  berry.    Chinook,  KlAlelli,  berries  in  general.    Berries. 

Shot  olillie,  huckleberries;  siahpult  olillic,  raspberries;  salmon  olillic, 

salmon  berries,  &c.    On  Puget  Sound,  always  called  Olallie. 
O'-lo,  adj.     Chinook,  idem.     Hungry.     OIo  chuck,  thirsty;   olo 

raoosum,  sleepy. 
O'-luk,  n.    Chihalis,  idem.     A  snake.  '< 

O'-na,  n.    Chinook,  E^na.     The  razor  Jish  or  solen  ;  clams.    Used 

only  at  mouth  of  the  Columbia. 
Ooi'-kan,  n.    Chinook.    A  cup;  a  bowl. 
O'-pe-kwan,  n.     Chinook,  6rKKWANn.     A  huskvl ;  tin  kettle. 
O'-pitl-kegh,  n.     Chinook,  6ptlikk.     A  boir. 
O'-pit-aah,  "■     Chinook,  6pt8akh.     A  kiil/v.     Opitsali  yakku  siklis 

{the  knife's  friend),  a  fork,    Tlie  word  is  also  used  to  denote  n 

Kivcelheart. 
O'-pooti,  or  O'-pootah,  II.     Chinook,  Oueputsii,  the  fundawfut. 
The  i>osterior ;  the  fundament ;  the  tail  of  an  animal.    Boat  opoots, 

the  rudder;  opoots-siil,  a  breech  clout. 


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mClIONAKY    OK   Till'.    CIlI.Voi'K    .IAK«ii>N. 


6te-lagh,  I'.     (Ilalc.)     L'liinook,  UoTLAKii,     The  sun.     Not  prop- 
erly a  Jargon  word. 
Ow,  »■    Chinook,  Ac.     A  brother  i/oumjer  than  the  sj>eaker. 

P. 

Pahtl,  Wy.  Chinook,  Patl.  Full.  Tahtl  lum  or  paht-luni,rfr«;i*; 
piihll  cliuck,  wet;  pahtl  ilhihic,  dirli/ ;  niauiook  pahtl,  to  Jill. 

Paint,  or  Pent,  «.,  adj.     English,  1'aim.     Mamook  pent,  to  paint. 

Papa,  ».     English,  idem.     A  father. 

Pa'see-sie,  >i.     Chinook,  PAsisi.     A  blanket ;  woollen  clolh. 

Pa-si'-ooks,  «.,  attj.  Chinook,  TasIsiuks.  French;  a  French- 
iiuiu.  Mr.  Hale  supposed  this  to  be  a  corruption  of  the  French 
word  Fran^ais.  It  is,  however,  really  derived  from  the  foregoing 
word,  Pasisi,  with  the  terminal  iks,  which  is  a  plural  form  ap- 
))lied  to  living  beings.  Lewis  and  Clarke  (vol.  ii.,  p.  413)  give 
Piishiiiheooks,  clothmen,  as  the  Chinook  name  for  the  whites,  and 
this  explanation  was  also  furnished  mo  by  people  of  that  tribe-  It 
has  since  been  generally  restricted  to  the  French  Canadians,  though 
among  sonic  of  the  tribes  east  of  the  Cascatlc  Range,  it  is  ajiplicd 
indiscriminately  to  all  the  Hudson's  Bay  people. 

Pchih,  or  Pit-chih,  ailj.  Qua-rc  n.  d.  Thin  in  Uimenition,  as  of  a 
board.     (Shaw.)     Not  in  common  use. 

Pe-chugh,  aJj.     Chinook,  I'tskkii.     Green. 

Pee,  <■<";;'.  French,  Pi  m.  (Andereon.)  Then;  besides;  and;  or; 
hut.  Pec  weght,  am/ (i/io;  bei,idea  which  ;  pec  nika  wanwau  wake, 
but  I  nai/,  jVo. 

Peh'-paJl,  »i.  English,  Pai'KH.  J'ajxr;  a  letter;  any  writimj. 
Mamook  pelipah,  to  wrilv. 

IPel'-ton,  n.,  adj.  Jargon.  A  fool ;  foolish  ;  cru::ij.  Kahkwa  pel- 
ton,  like  a  fool;  hyas  pel  ton  niika,  i/oii  are  very  silly. 

The  Indians  a<lopted  this  word  from  the  name  of  a  deranged 
pirsuii,  .\rchibald  Pclton,  fir  perhaps  Fclton,  whom  Mr.  Wilson  P. 
Hunt  found  on  his  journey  to  Astoria,  and  carried  there  with  him. 
The  circumstance  is  mentioned  by  Franchtre,  in  his  "  Narrative," 
trans,  p,  140. 

Pe-shak',  >ir  Feshuk',  ">(;'.  Nootka,  Pkmu  k  ;  Nittitiat,  idem. 
/l„d. 

Pe-'what'-tie, '"/;'.    ('Iiiiiouk,  ruiwvu.     77((»/,  hki;  piiptr,  \i. 

Pi -ah,  ".,  <"(/.  Kni;lisli,  I'liiK.  Fin;  rijw;  eookid.  .Mamook  piali. 
to  cook;  to  burn ;  piali-slii|»,  ((  slvainer ;  piah  olillie,  ripe  berriei< 


TAKT    I.     CHINOOK — ENGLISH. 


21 


piah  sapolill,  baked  bread ;  piiili  sick,  the  venereal  disease ;  sngliillic 

jiiali,  lightniny, 
Pil,  adj.     C'liiiiook,  Ti.rKLiKi..     Fiitlicr  randosy  gives  I'ili'ili',  as 

signilying  red,  in  the  Nuz  IV'ico  or  8aliaptin,  also.     Red;  of  a  red- 

dinh  color.     I'il  illaliie,  red  clny  or  vermilion;  pil  dolla,  ffold ;  pil 

I'liickamin,  eopper ;  pil  kiuataii,  a  bay  or  chestnut  horse. 
Pil'-pil,  X.    Jargon.     Blood.     Mahsh  pilpil,  to  bleed ;  to  menstruate. 

Dorived  from  the  foregoing. ' 
Fish,  n.     English.     Fish. 
Fit-lilh',  or  Fit-hlil',  adj.     QuBero  u.  d.     Thick  in  consistence,  as 

molasses. 
Fiu-piu,  n.    French,  Pieu,  to  stink.     Or  from  the  sound  often  ut- 
,  tcrcd  expressive  of  disgust  at  a  bad  smell.     .1  skunk. 
Foh,  V.    Chinook,  idem.     By  onoma.     Mamook  poh,  to  blow  out  or 

extinguish,  as  a  candle. 
Fo'-lak-lie,  "•,  adj.    Chinook,  1'olakm.    Mii/ht;  darkness;  dark. 

Tenas  polaklie,  tveniwj ;  hyas  polaklic,  late  at  night;  very  dark; 

sit-kum  polaklic,  midnight  (literally,  the  half  night). 
Fo'-lal-lie,  "•    Qua're  French,  Poudkk.  ■   11  uiqiowdcr ;  dust;  sand. 

Polallic  illahie,  sandy  ground.     The  word  'm  certainly  neither  Chi- 
nook nor  Chihalis. 
FOO,  »■     l)y  onoma.     (Hale.)      The  xound  of  a  gun.     Mamook  poo, 

to  shoot;    moxt  poo,  a  double-barrelled  gun;    tohum  poo,  «  six- 

shooter.     Nisqually,  Ohoo,  to  break  wind. 
Poo-lie,  adj.     French,  roLuur.     Rotten. 
Fot'-latch,  or  Faht'-latsh,  H.,  v.    Nootka,  I'aiichilt  (Jewiti) ; 

Pachaktl,  or  Paciiatl  (Cook).     ^J  gfl;   to  give.     Cultus  pot- 

liiti'h,  a  present  or  free  </lft. 
Fow'-itsh,  ".     Chinook,  Pah isii.     A  crab-apjite. 
Fuk'-puk,  n.     Probably  an  inveiilvl  word.     .1  blow  with  the  fst ; 

II  f^t-Jight.     Mamook  pukpuk,  /'    'I'-r;  to  fight  with  the  fistn ;  puk- 

I'llk  sollcks,  to  fght  in  anger. 
Puss'-pusB,  /'.     Knglish.     .1  o'l.     On   Pugct  Sound,  pronounced 

pish-pish.     Hyas  pusspuss,  a  cougar. 

s. 

Sagh-a-lie,  <«i'  Sah'-halie,  "'//.  Chinook,  Sakhali;  Clatsop, 
I'khhiiakii.m.i.  l'/>;  iiliure ;  high.  Saghalic  lycc  (literally,  the 
rhiif  above),  God.  A  term  inxciitcd  by  the  missionaries  for  wani 
of  a  native  one. 


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l>|r:i(i.\AKV    I'K    TIIK    CHI.Ni'OK    JAKtiON. 


Sail,  in  Sill,  ".     Ilii^^lisli,  Sail.     .1  sail ;  aiu/  cotton  or  linen  rioods. 

MMiiionk  s:iil,  tn  iiKikr  sail ;  uiainook  kockwiilic  sail,  to  take  in  sail i 

l/.iiiii  sail,  pnnltd  rlot/t  or  calico. 
8a  kol'-eks,  or  Se-kol'-tlks,  /'•     (Jliinook,  TsakAll-ks,  legijimjs. 

'I'roirstrs  ;  panld/oon.f,     Kcekwillio  sakoloks,  (/nu/'fr.v. 
Sal  lal',   ".      «'Iiin)uk,    Ki-KwrsHALA.      (Suklweli    of  I/tnvis   and 

Clarke.)      lyie  sailal  berri/  ;  fruit  of  i/iiall/inia  x/iallon. 
Salmon,  ".      Knglisii,  idoiii.      The  i-almon  ;  jish  generally.      Tyoc 

salmon,  i.e.,  chief  salmon,  the  spring  salmon  {sulmo  kwinnat,  Rich.) ; 

iiiasalichie  salmon,  a  winter  species  (salnio  canis,  Snckley) ;   Izum 

s.ilinon,  salmon  trout. 
Salt,  ».,  ndj.     English,  iiiom.     Salt,  or  u  salt  taste.     Salt  chuck,  the 

San-de-lie,  «.,  adj.  I'rencii,  CuNDitfe.  Ash~colored.  (Anderson.) 
.  I  roan  horse  ;  roan-cniored. 

Sap'-O-lill,  u.  rhiiiuok,  TsArKi.ii..  Wheal,  four,  or  meal.  I'iali 
sapolill,  Iml-ed  head ;  loin  s.'iiioiill,  lehole  irheat.  The  word  iia.s 
bci'n  orroneonsly  Bupposod  to  conif  from  tlio  Fn'ncli  la  fariue.  If 
is,  liuwcver,  h  true  Indian  woril,  and  wemR  cnmiuun  to  various 
<  'olmnliia  river  trilics.  I'andosy  gives  Saitii.  as  ^'ak.inm  for  breail ; 
Lewis  and  ('l;irke  write  it  ( 'ineKLKii,. 

Se  ah-host,  or  Se  agh'-ost,  ".   Cliinook,  Siakmomt, /Af/afc.    The 

lace;    the  cijes.      Halo   seahhost,  hliml ;    ielit   sealiliost,  oneeynl; 

l.ikit  seahliost  (four  o/es),  or  dolla  seaiihost,  sjiectaeles. 
Se  ah-po,  or  Se  &h-pult,  ».     French,  diArKAi.     .(  hat  or  cap. 

.'^i'ali|illlt  olillii',  the  rasphinil. 
Shame,  or  Shem,  )i.     KnglLsii,  idem.     Shame,     iluio  sliem  inika .' 

tirn't  yon  ashamed  of  yourself  f 
Shan  tie,  '•.     Kremh,  (."iiANiKU.      'To  siny. 
She-lok'-um,  v.    <'liinook,  TmiAu.AKiMrr.     (.\iider»on.)     .1  look- 

iiiy-ylats ;  ylass. 
Ship,  /'.     Knglish,  idem.      .1  ship  or  vessel,     .Stick  «hip,  a  sailiny 

(■(.v.vr/;  piah  ship,  a  steamer ;  sliip-niiin,  a  sailor. 
Shoei,  »i.     Knglish,  idem.      Shots;    skin  shoes;    moccasins,     .Slick 

slnii  s,  boots  or  shoes  made  of  leather. 
Shot.".      Knglish,  idiiii.      Shot ;  l,ad.     Shot  oiiilie, ////ri/c^mV*. 
Shu'  gah,  <'i  Shu  kwa,  ».,     lingli-h.      Snyar. 
Shugh. /<      <  hinonk,  Sm  Kiisjit  Kii.     A  rattle.     ,\n  imitation  doiiht- 

i.  --  oi  the  s.iiind.     (.\iid<rson.)     Shngh-niMM.Is,  a  rattlesnakf. 
Shut.  ".     Knglish,  Sniiu.     .1  shirt, 
Shwahkuk,  >'.     Chihaliis  HiiWAKtiK.     Afrr>y. 


PART    I.     CHINOOK KNGLISH. 


23 


3i-ah,a'lj.  Nootka,  Saia.  Far ;  for  off.  Comparative  distance  is 
expressed  by  intonation  or  repetition;  as,  siah-siaii,  ?'cr///(»r;  wake 
siah,  near,  not  far.  Jewitt  gives  Sievaii  as  the  sky  in  Nootka, 
which  was  perhaps  the  true  meaning,  or,  more  probahiy,  they 
called  the  sky  "  the  afar." 

Si-am,  n.   .Chinook,  Ishaikm.     The  grizzly  hear. 

Sick,  «<//'.  English,  idem.  Sick.  Cole  sick,  the  ni/tie ;  sick  tiim- 
UuH,  grieved ;  gfirry  ;  jealous ;  unhappy. 

Sikhs,  or  Shikhs,  /'.  Chinook,  Skasiks;  Sah!i|)tin,  SiiiKSTrx. 
(Pandosy.)     A  friend.     Used  only  towards  men. 

Sin'-a-mozt,  adj.     Chinook,  Sinimakst.     Seveu. 

Si'-pah,  a((/'.  Wasco.  (Shaw.)  iS'<m/^A/,  like  a  ramrod.  Ototdy 
local  use. 

Sis'-ki-you,  n.     Cree.     (Anderson.)     A  hoh-lailed  horse. 

This  name,  ludicrously  enough,  has  been  bestowed  (in  the  range 
of  mountains  separating  Oregon  and  California,  ami  also  on  a 
county  in  the  latter  State.  The  origin  of  this  designation,  as  re- 
lated to  me  by  Mr.  Anderson,  was  as  follows.  Mr.  Archibald  It. 
McLcod,  a  chief  factor  of  the  Hudson's  IJay  Company,  in  the  year 
18'28,  wiiile  crossing  the  mountains  with  a  pack  train,  was  over- 
taken by  a  snow  storm,  in  which  he  lost  most  of  his  animals,  in- 
cluding a  noted  bob-tailed  raee-liorse.  His  Canadian  followers,  in 
compliment  to  their  chief,  or  "  boiu'gcois,"  named  the  place  the 
I'ass  of  the  Siskiyou, — an  ap|)ellation  subsequently  adoi)lcd  as  the 
veritable  Indian  name  of  the  locality,  and  which  thence  extcndeil 
to  the  whole  range,  and  the  adjoining  district. 

Sit'-kum,  »!.,  tidj.  Chinook,  SiTKi  M  (.\nderson)  ;  Clatsop,  Asitko. 
.1  /('(//',•  apart.  Sitkum  ilolla, /((/// u  dollar;  sitkuni  sun,  iiixoi : 
tcnas  sitkuni,  (/  </uartir,  or  a  umall  jiarl. 

Sit-lay,  or  Sit'-li  ay,  ".  iTcnch,  Kks  ktuikhi.  (.Vnderson.) 
Stirrups. 

Sit'-shum,  I',     Cliihalis,  idem.      To  .swim. 

SI  waih,  ".,  <"'y      l^'reneh,  S*i  vaok.     All  litdiaii ;   Indian, 

Skin,".  KMgii-<li,  iiicni.  Skin.  S\i\\\  »\\ovs,  ninecasius  ;  stick  skin, 
the  bark  of  a  tin. 

Skoo  kum,  "t  Skookoom 

i/hnit ;   till  teil  s/iinl  or  ilniooi  ; 

skiiokum  rliiii'k,  i(  Ill/lid. 
Rkwak  wal,  ".      Clilnook,  Skakiim  (Andcrv.m);   Clatsop,  Ska- 

luii.i.      .1  laiii/irri/  iil.     <•!  local  use  only. 
Skwil'-kwis,  ".     Chinook,  Cathlamet  dialect      .t  si/uirrel. 


ti.,    adj.      Cliihalis,    Ski  ki  m.      A 
siroiii;.     Skookiim  tunituin,  hraee  ; 


?s  ' 


i« 


24 


DICmONAUY    OV    IIIK   CHINOOK    .lAUfiON. 


h 


Sla-hal',  ".     ("liinook,  Kti.ai.u.xi..      ,1  i/atiif  phn/nl  mlh   ten  small 

ilisk-n,  one  of  which  is  warkctl. 
Smet'-Ocks,  ".     Cliilinlis,  Smkitaks.      The  Inn/e  rlam   (f.vlnma). 

rsp(.l  only  at  tlic  inoutli  of  the  ("olmnliia  river. 
Smoke,".     Knj^lisli,  iilem.     Siiiti^e;  clouds  ;  fop  ;  steam. 
Snass,  )i.     (Iwivvi}  w.  il.     linin.     Ciilc  snass,  snow.     The  worJ  is 

neither  Chinook  nor  ("iiihalis,  anil  is  perliaps  niaMulaetured. 
Snow.  "■     Knj;lisli,  idem.     S)ii>ii\ 
Soap,  ".     Knglish,  idem.     Soap. 
So-le'-mie,  »'.     Cliinook,  Siivmum  (.\nderson);  Clatsop,  Sholbe. 

The  craiilirrr;/. 
Sol'-leks,   01-   Sah'-leks,   ti.,  mlj.      t^uere  u.  d.      Anyer ;   aii(/ri/. 

Maniook  solieks,   to  fii/hf ;  tikegh  .solliks,  to  he  hostile;   kiimtnk^ 

solleks,  /('  be  jxissionate. 
So'-pe-na,  <'■     Chinook,  Tsoi-kna.     To  jump;  to  leap. 
Spo'-oh,  or  Spo'-eh,  odj.     < 'liinook,   iilent.      Faded;    aiii/  liaht 

color,  as  pale  blue,  drab,  Ai'.     ('liahko  spoeli,  to  fmlr. 
Spoon,  ".     Kiigliiih,  idem.     .1  .i/fooji. 
SpOB©,  C(i(i/.     Knj;lisii,  Si  I'i'osK.      //';  supposing/ ;  provided  that ;  in 

order  that.     Spose  niika  nanit>h  nika  awnm,  if  ijoii  ue  m]i  cannv  ; 

spose  niku  klatawa  kopa  Ciiinuok,  if  or  when   /  j/o  lu   (liinook; 

kahkwa  tipoiie,  as  if.     See  Klosiif.  hi'uhk.  ° 
Stick,  ".,  adj.      Kni;li.<h,  idem.     .1  stick-;   a  tree;    wood;    vooden. 

Stick  skin,  b<irk ;    i-hip  i-tiik.  a  must;    initMiiit  stick,  a  standin;/ 

tree;  icht  stick,  a  iinril  nmisnrv  ;  stick  shoeis  leather  shorn  or  boots, 

as  distinjjiii>hcd  from  >kin  -hoes  or  mix'cnsins  ;  kidl  -.tick,  oak  (hard 

wood);  isick  stick,  thi  ufh  (paddle  wood). 
Stock  -en,  n.     Kn^rli-,!!.     .^tockini/n  or  soeks. 
Stoh,  adj.     (.'hiiicnk,  idi'm.     //(hw.      Mamook  stoli,  to  untie;   un- 

liHise  ;   undo.     .Metaphorically,  to  ubsolir. 
Stone,  u.     Kiij^lish,  idem.     A  nick  or  stone  ;  Imnr  ;  horn  ;  the  leili-  ■ 

cli::.     Stone  kiiiatan,  a  titnllion  ;   mahsli  stone,  to  rantrate, 
Stote'kln,  I"//,    t'hinook,  SroKtKiV.     h'i;ihi. 
Stutch'-un.  ".     KriKlii«h,  SruKiKoN.     The  ttnniron. 
Suk  wal  al,  n.     (  hin.M.k  (Hale);  Clatsop,  Kiukwm.aia,  a  (jun  or 

iinakil.     .No  lonf{er  nsed  in  Jargon. 
Sun, '•.     Kiijilinh,  idem.      Thi   Ml,  .    a  dm/.     Tenas  Min,  (iir/i/,-   sit- 

kum  sun,  nnon  ;  klip  sun,  tunntt. 
Sun-day,  ».    Kni^li-di,  i.lem.     Sufidai/.    Iclit  Sunday,  u  fcfi,-  hs an 

xunday,  (I  huliday.     A  lli»>j  lioistcd  on  a  pBrticulHr  occaHJon    !•* 

nonietiuics  aUo  called  Sundav.     The  other  duvs  of  tho  wivk  nr« 


PAKT    I.     CHINOOK — KNGUSIt. 


25 


usually  counted  from  this ;  as,  iclit,  mokst,  klone  sun  kopet  Sun- 
day, one,  ^wo,  or  three  ihnjs  after  Snndny.  Saturday  used  to  bo 
called  at  the  Hudson's  Bay  Company's  posts  "  muckamuck  sun," 
food  day,  as  the  one  on  which  the  rations  were  issued. 


^\ 


T. 

Tagh'-um,  To'-hum,  or  Tugh'-um,  arfj.  Chinook,  Takhuu; 
Cowlitz,  TuKHCM  ;  Kwantien,  Tl'kuum'  ;  Sulish,  Takkan.     Six. 

T&hl-kie,  or  Tahnl-kie,  aJr.  Chinook,  TAni-ki.  Yesttrday. 
Icht  tahikie,  duij  before  yesterday, 

T&h-nim,  I'.  Chihalis,  idem.  Tq  measure.  Of  only  local  use,  and 
not  strictly  Jargon. 

Taht'-le-lum,  or  Tot'-le-lum,  adj.  Chinook,  Tatlelum.  Ten. 
The  combinations  from  this  arc  siinplo.  M^xt,  kionc,  &c.,  tahtle' 
lum,  signifying  twenty,  thirty,  &c.\  tahtlcluni  pe  icht,  &c.,  eleven, 
twelve,  &c. 

T&l-a-pus,  n.  Chinook,  Italitas;  Vakama,  Telii-a.  (Pandosy.) 
The  loyote  or  prairie  wolf,  A  sort  if  drily  or  supernatural  being, 
prominent  in  Indian  mythology.     A  vuak. 

Ta-m&h-no-US,  n.  Chinonk,  Itamasawa'^.  .(  sort  of  rfuardian  or 
fimxliar  spirit;  mayic ;  tuck;  furlxne ;  any  Ihiuy  siipeniaturnl. 
One's  particular  forte  is  said  to  he  his  lamnhnous,  Mamook  ta- 
mnhnmis,  to  conjure;  "witiA'<  medecine;"  inasahchie  tamahnous, 
wilchcnift  or  necromancy.  Mr.  Anderson  restricts  ihe  true  meaning 
of  the  Word  to  conjurinn, 

Ta-mo'-litsh,  or  Ta  mow'-litsh,  »i.  Chinook,  Tamulihh  (An- 
derson);  Yakam.a,  Tamoi.iisii  (Pamlosy).  A  tub;  barrel;  bucket. 
Iclit  tamolitsli,  a  bushel  fwasuir. 

Tanie,  «'.,  ".      English,  Danck.      Ti>  dinirr, 

"Fohuk'-in,  or  Taugh  ken.    S.o  Cm i kin. 

Tea,  »i.     English,  i>lom.     Ten. 

Te-4h-wit,  »/.     Chinook,  Tiawi;   Clatsop,  Klaawit.      The  ley; 

thefoxt,     Klatttwn  toahwit,  ^)  ,'/<)  o« /.()<;  tnicalk;  klook  te:ilnvit, 

I'ime. 
T6h'teh,  •'.     Clatsnp,  Ti:ikiiaiia.      To  trot,  n»  a  horso.     Of  local 

nsp  only. 
Ten'-as.  or  Tan  as,  "..  adj.     NnniKa.  'rvv\-;   Tckwaht.  Tents. 

SiiKill ;  few;    little;   a  child;    the  i/niu;/  if  iniii  niiiiihil.     Mfiksl 

'ika  tcnas,  /  have  tun  children  ;  tniis  li\  in,  a  few  ;   iena«  Kini,  curly. 

Jfwilt  gives  Tanahris  fur  (i  rhdl  in  Noolka. 


.^ 


?i  •   « 


:ri}i;- 


2r. 


nicriDNAKV    OK    Till'   cm.N'OnK   JAKGON. 


Te-peh,  )i.     Cliinook,  Tkpf.kii.     Qiiill.i;  the  xi'ings  of  a  bird. 
Tik-egh,  or  Tu-kegh,  v.      Cliinook,  TiKKKii.      To  want;    wish; 

lore;  like.     IIv;is  i\kcg\\,  to  lonrj  for ;  ikta  mika  tikcgh?  what  do 

i/ou  vnnl' 
Tik'-tik,  »'.     By  oiioma.     A  watch. 
Til'-i-kum,  n.     Cliinook,  Tilikir-m.     People.     Applied  generally, 

it  means  tlios-e  who  are  not  chiefs.     Cultus  lilikum,  common  or  in- 

/njiiifciint  jK'riions  :  huloinia  tilikum,  stranr/ers ;  nika  tilikum,  »»y 

relatione.     It  is  also  used  to  sicjiiify  a  tribe  or  band. 
Til  -i-kum-ma-ma,  ».     (Hale.)     Chinook,  TlkamAma,     A  father. 

The  word  is  not  in  use  in  Jargon. 
Till,  or  Tull,  adj.,  n.     English,  Tire.     Tirrd;  henry;  weight;  a 

weight,     Hyjis  till  nika,  /  am  very  tired;   kansih  till  okook,  how 

much  does  thnt  weigh;  nianiook  till,  to  weigh. 
Tin'-titi,  n.     By  cinonia.     A  h,'l;  a  iiiunical  inntrument.     Mamook 

tititin,  ti>  ring  a  lull.     Among  the  Indians  round  the  Hudson  Bay 

Company's  posts,  the  hours  were  thus  known;   as,  mokst  tintin 

ki'pet  sitki'.in  sun,  lim  hours,  i.e.,  tiro  lulls  after  nnon. 
T'k6pe,<'lj.     Chinook,  idem.      While;  light-colored. 
Tlehl.     See  Klaik. 

Tl'kope.  v.     Chinook,  idem.     7'i  cut;  hew;  chop. 
Toh,  or  Tooh.     By  onoma.     Mamook  toll,  to  spit.     A  mannfae- 

tured  wuul. 
Toke-tie,  "")'.     Kalapuya.     Pntig.     Not  in  common  use. 
To'-lo,  '■■     Ivilapuya.      To  cam;  to  win  at  a  game ;  to  gain.     Kan- 
sih dolla  nika  tolo  spose  mamook'  how  niami  dollnrn  will  I  cum 

if  I  tC'rk- 1 
To'luks,  ".    Clallam,  Tovik.     The  mussel.    Used  on  I'ugct  Sound 

only. 
To-mol-la,  ode.     English,  To-morrow.     Ikt  toiuolla,  or  copet  to- 

lunlla,  the  day  after. 
Tot,  r.     Chihalis,  Tot,  or  Tat.     AA  uncle. 
To'-to,  V.     By  onoma.     Chinook,  Tokii  tokh.     T<>  fhakt;  .'■■ift  any 

'.liuig ;  wiunoic. 
To  toosh,  cr  Ta  toosh  .  ".     Chippeway,  Totohii.     (Schoolcraft.) 

'I'hi  h'l.ixts  if  It  fiiiKiU  ;   milk.     Tji)too<*h  lakleg.  i((//('r. 
To-wagh',  "'//.     Chinook,  TowAKii.     Jliight :  shining  ;  light. 
Tsee,  ii'/J.     Chinook,  idem.     Sweet. 
Tsee   pio,  I.      Kalapuya.      To  miss  a  murk  ;    to  mistake  one' i  road ; 

t'l  make  a  Llnndir  m  tpeiiking ;  I"  err  or  libtnder.     Tseepie  wnvhut. 

to  take  the  wrong  rood. 


ih 


PART    I.     CHINOOK KNGLISH. 


27 


H  I 


Tshi'-ke,  adv.    (Hale.)    Quaere  u.  d.    Directly ;  noon.    Not  Jargon. 

Tshis.  odj.     Chinook,  idem.     Cold.     Not  iii  common  use. 

Tsi-at-ko,  ".  Chihalis,  Nisqually,  «fcc.,  idem;  Clatsop,  £cjiiatku 
A  noctunial  demon,  much  feared  by  the  Indians.  The  Skagits  give 
this  name  to  the  "  Coutcaux,"  a  tribe  of  ludians  on  Frazer  River, 
of  whom  they  stand  in  like  awe. 

Tsik'-tsik,  or  Tohik'-tchik,  n.  By  onoma.  A  wagon;  a  cart; 
a  wheel.     Tsiktbik  wayhnt,  a  wagon-road. 

Tsil'-tsil,  or  Chil'-chil,  «.  Chinook,  EcHiLcmt.  (Anderson.) 
Buttons;  the  stars. 

Tsish,  V.  By  onoma.,  in  imitation  of  the  sound  of  a  grindstone. 
(Shaw.)     Mamook  tsish,  to  sharpen.     Of  local  use. 

Tsdle-pat,  «.     Klikatat.  *  A  shot-pouch,    of  local  use  only. 

Tso'-lo,  n.  Kalapuya.  (Shaw.)  To  wam/er  ni  the  dark ;  to  lose 
one^s  way.     Used  in  the  Willamette  valley. 

Tsugh,  ».,  V.  Chinook,  idem.  A  crack  w  i.ulit.  Mamook  tsugh, 
to  split;  chahko  tsugh,  to  become  split  cr  cracked,  as  by  the  beat 
of  the  sun  ;  mamook  tsugh  illahic,  is  by  some  used  instead  of  klngb, 
for  to  plouyh. 

Tsuk.     Sec  Chuck. 

Tuk-a-mo'-nuk,  or  Tak-a-mo'-nak,  adj.  Chinook,  Itakamokak. 
A  hundred.  It  is,  like  ten,  combined  with  the  digits;  as,  icht,  moxt, 
klone  takamonak,  one  hundred,  two  hundred,  three  hundred,  &c. 
Ilyas  takamonak,  or  tahtlelum  takamonak,  a  thousand. 

Tuk'-wil-la,  or  To'-kvril-la,  ».  Kalapuya.  The  hazel-nut,  nuts 
ijenerally. 

Tum'-tum,  «.  By  onoma.,  from  the  pulsations  of  the  heart.  (An- 
derson.) The  heart ;  the  wilt;  opinion.  Mahsh  tumtum,  to  give 
orders;  mamook  t\iu\U\m,  to  7nake  up  one's  mind ;  mamook  closho 
tumtum, /o  wake  J'rivtid.'!  or  peace;  sick  Iwmimn,  yrief;  jiulousy ; 
moxt  tumtum  nikn,  /  a,ii  undecided,  i.e.,  /  hurc  two  wills.  Q.  Kah 
nesika  klatiiwa  ?  where  shall  we  go.'  .1.  Mika  tumtum,  wherever 
you  please ;  as  you  will.  Ikta  mika  tun)t\nn  '  what  do  you  think  ' 
Halo  tumtum,  withuul  a  will  of  one's  own,  as  a  child.  The  heart 
seems  to  be  generally  rcj^arded  as*  the  f^'nt  «if  liie  mind  or  will. 

Tum-wa'-ta,  "■  T(m,  by  onoma. :  i;iiu;li'li.  W,vii;ii.  A  waterfnU, 
rasende,  or  ealaruci,  Lewis  and  Clarke  i:i\e  Timm  as  used  by  tho 
Indians  above  tin'  huilcs  of  the  ('nliinibi;i  in  ijiieoting  theui  to  llio 
falls. 

Tup -ihin,  or  Tip-sin, '  i  luhalifi,  Tii-hhi.n.  A  needle,  MutDook 
tipfin, /o  ««) ;  to  mend ;  to  patch. 


V' 


^p 


uicrriONARY  OF  the  ciiinook  jakgox. 


hi 


Tup-so,  or  Tip' so,  "•     Ciiinook,  TErso,  f  leaf.     Grass;  leaves, 

frinije ;  fenthers;  fur.     Often  but  incorrectly  employed  for  Yakso, 

hair;  tipso  iliabie,  7>ro()-(c;  dely  tipso, /iflv. 
Ty'-ee,  n.,  ii</j.     Nootka,  Taivi;  Tvee  (Jcwitt).    A  chief.    Any 

thing  of  superior  order.     Saghalie  tyee,  the  J)eil;/ ;  tycc  salmon, 

the  .''prinff  salmon.    ToYON  is  given  by  sonic  of  the  northwestern 

voyagers  as  the  Eskimo  appell.ition  tor  chief. 
Tzum,  «.,  adj.     Chinook,  idem.     Mixed  colors;  spots  or  stripes;  a 

mark  or  figure  ;  writinrj  ;  paint ;  painted.     Tzum  sill,  printed  calico; 

tzum  pebpa,  writing;  mamook  tzum,  to  uritc ;  tzum  illahie,  blamed 

or  surveyed  land. 


w. 

Wagh,  v.    Chinook,  Waku.    To  pour;  to  spill;  to  vomit.    Mamook 

wagh  chuck,  jwur  out  some  water. 
"Wake,  adv.     Nootka,  WiK  (Jcwitt) ;  Tokwaht,  Wkk.     3o,   not. 
Wa'-ki,  adv.     (Hale.)     Chinook,  Waki.     To-morrow.     Not  Jargon. 
Wap'-pa-tOO,  "•     Qua've  u.  d.      The  root  of  the  Sugitaria  sai/illi- 

/o//a,  which  forms  an   article  of  food;    the  potaUi.     The  uind  i.-i 

neither  Chinook  nor  Chihalis,  but  is  everywhere  in  common  use. 
Wash,  t'.     English,  idem.     M.amook  wash,  to  wash. 
Waum,  adj.     English,  Warm,      llya»  waum,  hot;    waum  illahie, 

summer;  mamook  waum,  to  heat;  waum-sick-coie-Rick, /nrr  ami 

ii'iue. 
Wau'-wau,  v.,  n.      Nootka;    Nittinat,   Wawe.      7'*  talk;    speak; 

call ;   ask;    tell;   aiisurr ;    talk  or  conversation.      Cultiis  wanwau, 

idle  talk ;  stuff;  nonsense;   hyas  wauwau, /o  aAoH/. 
Way '^"♦'    Hweh'-kut,  or  Wee -hut,  n.     Chinook,  WfiHcr,  </ 

roiid ;  Yakama,  Wilt,  _/"ur.     A  road  or  trail.     Tsik-tsik  wnyhut,  o 

wagon-road.     About  Vancouver,  on  the  Columbia,  it  is  pronounced 

IIwfiHKiT;  on  Puget  Sound,  Wekiiut. 
Vfeght,  cot j,    Chinook,  idem.    Again  ;  aL^,  "i-ore.     I'e  nika  wcght, 

and  1  too;   pahtlatsh  wcght,  ijive  me  some  more,    tcna«  wcght," 

little  more  i/it. 
Whim,  I'.     Wasco.     (.Shaw.)      To  fill.     Whim  mick,  a /u//fti /m  ; 

mamook  whim  okook  slick, /W/  that  Ire,:     Alfo,  to  throw,  in  wrest- 

111  g.     (,)f  leal  Use  oiilv. 
Win -a-pie,  "'/'•.     Noolka;   Nr.tinat,  Wilam.     l'fiimd-b>ie,   jirm- 

ii.tlg;  watt.     Of  local  use;  the  Chinook  Alki  being  mure  com 

tnoD. 


PART    I.     CHINOOK ENGLISn. 


29 


Wind,  or  Win,  »«.  English,  idem.  Wind.  The  winds  are  often 
known  by  the  country  from  which  tbcy  blow ;  as,  for  instance,  on 
the  Columbia,  an  easterly  is  a  Wal  a-walla  wind ;  at  the  mouth  of 
the  river,  a  southerly  is  a  Tilamooks  wind,  itc.  Breath.  Ex.  Halo 
wind,  out  of  breath ;  dead. 


.'  V'l 


Y. 

Tah'-hUl,  n.  Chinook,  Yakbul  ;  Ebkkrol.  A  name.  Not  in  gen- 
eral use. 

Y&h-ka,  or  Tok'-ka,  pron.  Chinook,  YAka.  He;  his;  him; 
she;  il,  &c. 

Yah'-kis-ilt'h,  adj.  Chinook,  Yakisilt'h.  Sharp.  Mr.  Anderson 
givc8  as  the  original,  "  cutting." 

Yah'-^xra,  adv.  Chinook,  YawAkh.  There;  thither;  thence;  be- 
yond, 

Yah'-whal.     Sec  AyAhwuui.. 

7ak'-SO,  «.     Chinook,  idem.     The  hair  of  the  head ;  hair  generally. 

Ya-kwah'-tin,  or  Kwah'-tin,  n.  Chinook  and  Clatsop,  Yakwa- 
TiN.     The  belly  ;  the  entrails. 

Yaub.    See  Lejal'b. 

Yel'-a-kwat-     Sec  Kal.vkwautie. 

Yi'-em,  <'m  n.  Chihalis,  Yaiem.  To  relate  ;  to  tell  a  story ;  to  con- 
fess to  a  priest ;  a  story  or  tale. 

YoutI,  adj.  Quaere  Chihalis,  Evutlh  ;  Nisqually,  Jlil,  ylad. 
Pleased ;  proud ;  (of  a  horse),  spirited,  llyas  youtl  yakka  tum- 
tum,  his  heart  is  very  glad  ;  he  is  much  puffed  up. 

Youtl-kut,  adj.,  n.  Chinook,  Yutlki  t.  Long  (in  dimension); 
length. 

Yout-lkut,  or  Yutei'-kut,  adj.  Chinook,  Yuthklta.  Short  (in 
dimension). 

Y-salfh,  or  Ye-salt'h.    Sec  E-salt'h. 

Yuk'-wa,  adv.  Chinook,  Yakwa.  Here;  hither;  this  side  of' 
this  way.    Yukwa  kopa  okook  house,  this  side  of  thai  house. 


'I 


ri'il' 


m 


II 


PART  II. 


ENGLISH-CHIlSrOOK. 


PART  II.    ENGLISH— CHINOOK. 


m 


■  ■  •'• 


Above,  sdffh-a-iie. 
Absolve,  mnm'-ook  stoh. 
Aoorns,  Mh-na-n<ay. 
Across,  in'a-ti. 
Afraid,  kioaxs. 

After,  Afterwards,  lim'-in. 
Again,  weyht. 
All,  kon'-a-wai/. 
Alms,  e'-la-han,  or  e-lami'. 
Also,  toerjht. 
Although,  kegh-tchie. 
Alwa.y8,  kwAh-ne-mnn . 
Amezican,  Boston, 

Amusement,  hee'-hu. 

And,  )}ee. 

Anger,  Angry,  sol'-lcks. 

Apple,  /('  pomr. 
Apron,  keli-sii,  or  ki'-sii. 

Arbutus  uva  ursi,  lahh. 
Arrive  at,  ko. 

Arrow,  ka-U'-lan. 
As  if,  kith -k (Pa  iqxm. 
At,  ko'-pa. 
Aunt,  kwaCh. 
Awl,  shoes  keep'-u'ot. 
Aze,  lii-liash'. 

B. 

Bad,  me-s(th-ehie  ;  ]ie-shuk'. 
Bag,  /('  ■<"X' 
Ball,  Ir  M. 

Bargain,  muhkook  ;  huyhinj. 
Bark,  atkkukin. 


Barrel,  ta-mo'-Utsh. 

Basket,  o'-pe-kwan. 

Beads,  ka-ino'-suk. 

Bear  (Mack),  chct'-woot;   ils'- 

woot ;  (grizzly),  si-am'. 
Beat,  to,  kok'-shut. 
Beaver,  ee'-vn. 
Because,  keh-wa. 
Become,  to,  ehuh-ko. 
Bed,  hill. 

Before,  e'-Up,  or  el'-ip. 
Behind,  klm'-ta. 

Bell,   I'm'-liu. 

Belly,  i/i'-kwuh-thi. 

Below,  ktv'-kii'il-lie. 

Belt,  /'(  xiiii-jel/. 
Berries,  o'-lU-Ue ;  o'-lal-lic. 

Best,  e'-lip  closhe. 
Bird,  kal-lak' -a-lti. 
Biscuit,  /<■  his'-kwte. 

Bitter,  klihl. 
Black,  kill  If. 

Blackberries,  klik'-a-muks. 
Blanket,  pn-sre'-sic. 

Blind,  /iii'-li>  sr-uh-hosf. 

Blood,  />//-;»;/. 

Blow  out,   iinim'-onk  poh. 
Blue  (liglit),  njio'-nh. 

(dark),  khile. 

Blunder,  to,  hve'-pie. 

Board,  /'(  /i/^xA. 

Boat,  li'xii. 

Bob-tailed ;     a   bob-tailed 

horse,  sit'-ki-mm. 


■.m 


34 


rAUT    II.        KNOLISH — CHINOOK. 


li  -I 


Boil,  to,  lip-lip. 

Bone<  simir. 

Borrow,  to,  a-yah-whul. 
Boaom  (female),  lo-lnosh. 
Both,  kun'-a-moxt. 
Bottle,  la-hoo-ti. 
BOVT,  o'-pill-kcfj/i. 
Bowl,  oos'-k-aii. 
Box,  Id  ca-sett'. 

Bracelet,  klik'-wal-lie. 
Brave,  skoo'-kuvi  tiim'-tum. 
Bread,  Ic  pnn. 
Break,  to,  knk-'-slnit. 
Breasts,  h>-toosh'. 
Breech  clout,  o'-pnnts  sill. 

Bridle,  In  hlced. 

Bright,  to-wnijh. 
Broad,  kluk-nlh'. 
Broom,  hioom. 

Brother,  kithp-ho,  if  elder  limn 
tlie  hpoaker;  ow,  if  youngrr. 
Male  Cousins  the  s.iine. 

Brother-in-law,  ck'-keh. 

Bucket,  In-ino'-lilnh. 
Buffalo,  iiuids'-mooi'. 
Bullet,  If  l"il  .•  ka-li'-tau. 

Bundle,  ■>•■<■  w. 

But,  }'r. 

Butter,  lo-io'ish'  I'l-klcs'. 
Buttons,  (sU'-Uil. 
Buy,  to,  mah-kook. 

By-and-by,  mn'-a-pit. 


c. 


Candle,  la  .sli<iti-<lel'. 
Carrot,  la  m-ltW. 
Carry,  to,  /"'  h. 

Cart,    t^ik-t<k;  rhik'-ihik. 

Cascade,  /""<'  u'u-tT. 
Castrate,  to,  mnUnk  stone. 


Cat,  ]»t!is'-puss. 

Cataract,  turn'  u'a-ter. 

Cattle,  moox'-moos. 

Certainly,  na-wit'-ka. 

Chain,  Id  shen ;  cliik'a-min  lope 

Chair,  Ai  shase. 

Cheat,  to,  lu-ldh. 

Chicken,  la  pool. 

Chief,  iy-ce'. 

Child,  ten' -us. 

Clams,    o'-na;    luk'-ut-ehee ;  la- 

kirlt'-chei: 
Clams,  the  large  kind,  smet-ockn. 
Clear  up,  to,  ehah-ko  klali. 
Cloth   (('t)ttoii),  nail. 
Clouds,  sriiokf. 
Coat,  ca-po'. 

Coffee,  kau'-pij.  .^ 

Cold,  eole  ;  tshis. 

Comb,  comh. 

Comb,  to,  inam'-ook  comb. 
Come,   to,  rlnih-kn. 
Confess,  to,  yi'-em. 
Conjuring,   ta-mAh-no-ns. 
Cook,  to,    )iiinn'-ook  pi'-uh. 

Copper,  ]iil  cli,k'-a-iiiiii. 

Cord,   lcii'-(is  lope. 

Corn,  (-xalt'li,  or  yc-salCh'. 

Corral,  knl-ld^h. 
Cotton  goods,  soil. 

Cough,   h"h'-hoh. 
Count,  to,   matn'-ook  kiciiii'-uini. 
Cousin,  sec  brother  and  sister. 
Coyote,  tftl'-a-pits. 
Crab  apple,  pow'-iish. 
Cranberry,  so'-h-mir. 
Crazy,  pd'ton. 
Cream  colored,  A  cUm. 
Crooked,  ki-wi. 

Cross,  la  do-a'. 
Crow,  knh  kah. 


■  M 


m 


PART    II.        ENGLISH CHINOOK. 


35 


Cry,  to,  cli/. 

Oup,  ooa'-kan. 
Ourly,  hunl'-kih. 
Out,  to,  tCko'-pe. 

D. 

Dsmce,  to,  tanse. 

Dark,  darkness,  j)o-iak-Ue. 

Day,  sun. 

Dead,  mcm'-a-loost. 

Deaf,  ik-poo'-ie  kwil-lan. 

Dear,  hy'-as  m&h-kook. 

Deep,  klip. 

Deer,  mow'-itsh. 

Demon,  skoo'-kam. 

Devil,  di-aub' ;  yaub;  le-jaub'. 

Different,  hul-o'-i-ma. 

Difficult,  kull. 

Dig,  to,  laam'-ook  il'-la-hie. 

Dime,  bit,  or  mit. 

Do,  to,  mam'-ook. 

Doctor,  doc'-tin. 

Dog,  kam'-ooks. 

Dollar,  dol'-la,  or  tdli-la. 

Door,  la  po'tc. 

Down  stream,  mi'-mlc. 

Drink,  to,  muck'-a-muck. 
Drive,  to,  kish'-kish. 
Drunk,  paht-him. 

Dry,  dc-ly'. 

Duck    (Mallard),    kwih-kwch ; 

huht-haht. 
Dust,  i>o'-Ud-lie. 

Eagle,  chak'-chuk, 
Ear,  kii'o-hmn'. 
Early,  tcn'-an  sun. 

Earn,  to,  (o'-h 


[  king  citautsh. 


Earth,  il'-la-hie. 
Eat,  to,  muck'-a-muck. 
Egg.  le  sap'  ^  le  zcp'. 
Eight,  nlo'-te-kin. 
Elk,  mou'-luck. 
Enclosure,  kid-l&gh. 
English, 
Englishman, 
Enough,  lii-i/u';  ko-pet'. 
Entrails,  ki-yuyh. 

Evening,  len'-as  po'-lak-lie. 
Every,  hm'-d-way. 

Exchange,  huy-huy. 

Eyes,  sc-ah-host, 

F. 

Face,  se-dk-host. 

Faded,  spo'-ok. 
Falsehood,  klim-in'-a-whit. 
Far,  si-dh. 
Fast  (quick),  hy-ak'. 
Fast  (tight),  kioud. 
Fasten,  to,  kow. 
Fat,  fflease. 
Father,  i>a'-/;t<. 
Fathom,  il'-lan. 
Fear,  kwasn. 

Fell,  to  (iw  a  tree),  mani'-ook 

11' him. 
Fence,  kal-ldyh. 
Fetch,  to,  mam'-ook  chuh-ko. 
Fever,  ^mum  sick. 
Few,   Uu'-as. 

Fight,  to,  mam'-ook  sol'-kks. 
Fight,  with  fists,  mam'-ook 

jiiik'-piik. 
Figured  (as  calico),  tziim. 

File,  /"  /''f'». 

Fill,  to,  viam'-ook  pahtl. 

Find,  to,  klap. 


36 


PART    11.       tNGLIlJH — CHINOOK. 


Fingers,  /r  doo. 

Fire,  pi -ah;  o-la-pitn'-ki. 
First,  r'-lij>,  or  d'-ip. 
Fish,  pish. 
Fishhook,  ik-kik. 

Five,  kirin'-viini. 

Flea,  so'-pen  c'-na-]}oo  ;  cho'-tuh. 

Flesh,  itl'-wil-lic. 

Flint,  kil-it'-snt. 

Flour,  sap'-o-li//. 

Fly,  to,  kit- wok'. 

Fog,  smoke. 

Food,  murk'-a-muck. 

Fool,  pd'-tou. 

Foolish,  jkl'-tuii. 

Foot,  l(-i>ec'. 

Forever,  kimh-nc-sum. 

Forget,  to,  timhUr. 

Fork,  In  jKM'shii. 

Formerly,  dhn-kntti;  or  (ihn- 

kul-lic. 
Four,  Ink-it.  or  tak'-il. 

Fowl,  I'l  ]XK>i- 

French,  Frenchman,  jxtsi- 

Friend,  i<ikhs,  or  ahikhs. 

Frog,  n/tirdh-ktik. 

Fry,  to,  tiiam'-iHik  I't  }i(i-(l . 

Frying-pan,  /"  po-cl . 
Full,  }"iliil. 
Fundament,  o-pnuis, 

0. 

Gallop,  to,  kwa-liil'-kicti-hil'. 

Gather,  to.  hu'-ku.mtlh. 
Get,  to,  i^kitiii. 

Get   out.    )iuih»h. 

Get  up,  <iitup',  or  kii-uj,'. 

Ghost,  .■■k'i'i'kiiiii 
Gift,   <nitu»  jujt'-lulrh. 


Give,  to,  pot'-latch. 

Glad,  kwdiin. 
Go,  to,  klat'-a-iva. 
God,  sagh-a-lie  li/-rr'. 
Gold,  /"/  chik'-a-min. 
Good,  kliiKC.  or  kloshe. 
Good-bye,  kla-how'-yn. 
Goods,  ik'-luh. 

Goose,      whuy'-whuy  ;     kul-ak-a- 
li'ih-mu. 

Grandfather,  chnpr. 
Grandmother,  chUsh. 

Grease,  h  kits' ;  please. 

Green,  pc-churih'. 

Grey ;  a  grey  horse,  if  ijley. 

Grizzly  bear,  si-am'. 

Groimd,  il'-l<t-hie. 

Gun;  musket,  suk-wa-lal. 


H. 


Hair,  yak'-so. 

Half,  sil'-kfiui. 

Hammer,  />'  mnh-to. 
Hand,  le  nnih. 

Hand  (fjnmc  of),  it'-lokum. 

Handkerchief,  h<ik'-<itshiim. 
Hard,  kull. 

Hare,  kwil'-shad-ii; 

Harrow,  to,  nium  -wk  comb  (/'• 

A,  /,/V. 
Hat,  H-uh-jHi ,   m-iih-pulf. 
Haul,  haul. 
Hazel-nuts,  tuk-wttUi. 

He.  his,  yithka. 

Head.  /"  ut. 

Heart,  turn'  imn. 
Heaven,  mi'ih-tl-lti-  il'-tahtr. 
Heavy.  I'U. 

Help,  to,  iitiiiii'-iHik  i-lanii. 
Here,  yuk'-ien. 


VAKT   ir.     ENGLISH — CHINOOK. 


37 


Hermaphrodite,  bur'-dash.     Knotty,  huai-kih 
Hide,  to,  i/)'-soot 

High,  nd^h-a-lir 


Hit,  to,  kwul'li. 

Hoe,   Id  pe-itsh'. 
Hog,  ru'-sho. 
Hole,  kla-wlw})'. 

Holiday,  suwUiy. 

Horn,  *•/<'/!('. 

Horse,  kiu'-a-l<in. 

House,  hoHnc 

How,  knk-tii. 


Know,  to,  kum'-tuks. 

I. 


Xiame,  kluvk  tc-dh-wii. 
Lamprey  eel,  skwak'-wal. 
Language,  /"  laii^/. 
Large,  h'l-us'. 
Lately,  cha: 
Laughter,  htc'-hcc. 
Lazy,  A'-y. 


How  are  you,  kla-hom'-ijii.     Leap,  to,  no'-pc-mi. 

How  many,  kuu'-sih;  kun'-     Leaf,  tup'-w,  or  tip-so. 


Jiik. 

Hundred,  titk-a-iuo-unk. 
Hungry,  o'-h. 
Hurry,  howk ;  ki/nk'. 

I. 

I,  ni-ka. 

If,  .t/wsc. 

In,  ko'-}Hi. 

Indian,  si'-uumlt. 

In  shore,  mdht-wil-lie. 

Iron,  rliik'-u-min. 
It,  ijuh-ka. 

J. 

Jealous,  M'k  I II III' -I mil. 
Jump,  to,  iiii'-/H-H,i. 

K. 

Kam  ass  root,  /n'-kuimit.' 
Kettle,  kit  till;!. 

Kick,   to,   rh Ilk' -kill. 
Kiss,  to  kiss,   h'-bf. 

Knife,  opit  mk. 
Knock,  to,  kn'-ko. 


Lean,  to,  lu<jh. 
Leave,  to,  nm/i.sli. 
Leave  off,  to,  ko-pvt'. 

Leg,  tc'iih-iril. 
Leggings,   mi-tatiti'. 

Lend,  to,  n-i/dh-w/ud. 

Lick,  to,  kluk'-waii. 
Lie,  to,  kliiii-in'-a-w/iit. 
Ijike,  kdh-ktvii. 

Like,  to,  tik-fijh. 
Little,  tni'  U.S. 

Long,  yiiiill'-kiit. 

Long    ago,    ri/m-kat-lr,    or   «/tn- 

kol-ln: 
liOOk,  to,  iiiiii-iliih. 

Look  here!  nnli. 
Look  out!  k/i,.M-  tiiiii'.it.\li. 
Looking-glass,  ufa-lok'-um. 

Loose,  >v>'A. 

Lose  the  v^  i  y,   to,   isn'-ln ; 

Louse,  r'-iia-fioo,  or  iu'-apuv. 
Love,  to,  lik-fijh, 

M. 

Magic,  ta-mdh-nO'US, 


■■Fii 


r.UM-    II.        KNGLI6U CHINOOK. 


|..4 


Make,  to,  mam  -ook. 
Man,  "(•'('. 
Many,  hi/iu'. 
Marry,  to,  mal-i-ch. 
Mass  ^Ceremony  of),  la  mase. 
Mast,  ship  stick. 
Mat,  klis'-kwiss. 
Mattock,  la  pc-osh'. 

Measure,  to,  tak-mm. 
Meat,  iU'-tcil-lie. 
Medicine,  /<»  """»'  '"'• 

Mend,  to,   tnain'-nok  tiji'-i/nii. 

Menstruate,  to,  malish  jnt- 

r'd. 
Metal,  metallic,  chik'-amiii. 
Middle,  the,  kni'snk,  i>r  /!•"/'- 

SHk. 

Midnight,  xil'-kmn  pu'-lak-Uc 
Milk,  to-umh'. 
Mill,  '/">"-/'(. 
Mind,  the,  turn  ■  in m. 

Miss,  to,  tscr'-pie. 

Mistake,  to.  (ste'-pic. 
Moccasins,  din-shoes. 
Molasses,  mil-<t.is'. 
Money,  chik'-<i-min. 
Month,  moon. 
Moon,   tiinon. 

More,  wtyht. 
Mosquito,  tDrl'-d-kwd. 
Mother,  mama  ;  un'-nh. 
Mountain,  In  mon'-li. 
Mouse,  hctl  hool. 
Mouth,  /'(  (joos. 
Much,  /f.v-i"'. 
Mule,  /r  t"'/. 
Musical  Instrument,  /"•  - 

In,. 

Musket,   nindrt. 
Mussels,    lo'-lilkn. 

riy,  mine,  ni'-ka. 


I. 


Nuils,  /<•  cloo. 
Name,  uem  ;  yah-hul. 
Near,  xvake  si-uh. 
Neck,  Ic  con. 
Needle,  keep' -wot. 
New,   c/nr. 
Ni^'jht,  po'.luk-lie. 
Nine,  kwainl,  or  kwcesi. 
No,  not,   iriikc. 

Noise,  /"  tl'ih. 

None,  hn'-/o. 

Nonsense,  oil'-tus  wau'-wan. 

Noon,  nil-kiim   siiii. 
Nose,  iKisr. 

Notwithstanding,  k><jh-tchie 

Now,   ai-l,i. 

Numerals— 

1.   iki. 

'-',  moks(. 

.'!,  kluw. 

J,  lakit. 

.">,  k  will  num. 

\'i,  ttii/hum. 

T,  sinnumokst. 

>*,  .•ttotfkiii. 

'.1,  kiraiil. 
10,  lahtlilum. 
I ),   lithtli/iim  jie  ikt 
'.'0,  mokitt  ttihllclum, 
l<iO,  ikt  lakiimonuk. 
Nuts,  (Ilk' wit  hi. 


0. 


Oak,  kiiH  slick. 

Oar,  Ai   I'lhm  ;  la  lum. 

Oats,  t'l  wii. 

Oflf.  »'.'<. 

Off  shore,  tnnlu-lin-m* 


I 


PART  n,       KNQU8H — CniNOOK. 


39 


Oil,  please. 

Old,  o'-L  in.tn. 

Old  man,  o'-le-man. 

Old  woman,  lam'-mUh. 

One,  ikt. 

One-eyed,  Hct  se-uh-host. 

Open,  k&h-lakl. 

Opposite  to,  in'-a-ti. 

Or,  pe. 

Order,  to,  mahsh  tum'-tinn. 

Other,  hul-o'-i-ma. 

Otter  (land),  ne-inam'-ooks. 

Our,  ve-d'-ka. 

Out  doors,  kUtgh-a-nie. 

Ox,  moos' -moos. 


Posteriors,  o'-poois. 

Potato,  toap'-pa-too. 
Poiir,  to,   wat/h. 

Powder,  2'o'-lal-lli: 
Prairie  wolf,  tal'-a-pus. 

Presently,  al'-kie;  win'-a-pie 

Pretty,  to'ke-tk. 
Priest,  Ic  plet. 

Proud,  youtl ;  kwiWh. 

Provided  that,  spo-v, 

Pldl,  haul. 

Q. 

Quarter,  ten'-as  sit'-kum. 


Oyster,     chet'-h,    or    jet'-lo;     Quarter  (of  u  dollar),  kwah-la 


kldf/h-klogh 


V 


Paddle,  a,  is' 

Paddle,  to,  mam-ook  is' irk. 

Paint,  pent. 

Paint,  to,  muiit'-ook  pent. 
Paper,  peh-pah. 

Peas,  /('  puHiH. 
People,  tii-i-kiim. 
Perhaps,  kh-nas'. 

Petticoat,  kal-nkmh-tie. 

Piebald,  le  hir. 

Pin,  kwtk'-u'i-riis. 
Pipe,  /"  /)(■(•;). 

Pitch,  III  (jo)nr. 
Plato,  /'/  xi-el'. 
Pleased,  mmtl. 

Plough,   /'•  sliul-lon'. 
Plough,  to,  klii;ib   il'-lil  Itir. 

Pole,  III  /hIi\Ii. 

Poor,     kii-hvw'-ijHin  ;      ha'  !<• 
ik'-ta. 

Fork,  co'-nho. 


Quick,  hy-ak' 
Quills,  If-peli. 

B. 

Rabbit,  kwil'-sliml-ir. 
K&in,  .iiiass. 
Rattle,  s/uigii. 
Rattlesnake,  shugho'-jtoota. 
Razor  fish,  o'-na. 
Reach,  ko. 
Red,  pit. 

Relate,  to,  yi-rm. 
Return,  to,  kd'-i-pi. 
Ribbon,  le  li,'-b(i. 
Rice,  lire. 
Rifle,  riti-lijHtn. 
Ring,  a,  kirii)-kirf>„. 

Ripe,  pi' -nil. 

River,  elmrk. 

Hoad,  (I'll I/' -lint. 

Roan  colored,  Mn'-dc-lie. 

Roast,   mil  III' -link  la  pil-lali'. 
Rock,  flinir. 

Rope,  lopi. 


40 


PART    II.       F.NGI.ISII — CHINOOK. 


Rotten,  poo'-lie. 
Round,  lo'-lo. 
Rudder,  boai  n-poou. 
Rum,  lum. 


s. 


Saoh,  le  mk. 

Saddle,  /«  .s(//. 

F>addle  housings,  le  pi^h'-e- 

',)HI. 

Sail,  sail. 
Sailor,  ship-rnan. 
Salmon,  sahnoy,. 

Salt,  .v<i/^ 
Sand,  po'-lal-lif. 

Sash,  la  Siin-jel'. 
Sa'V7,  /a  i/win  ;   la  scie. 
Say,  to,  waii'-irati. 
Scissors,  le  .see'-:n. 

Sea,  .w/^f/lH^^. 

Seal,  ol'-hi-yu  Si'- trash  co'-aho. 

See,  to,  nan'-ilnh. 

Sell,  to,  mdhlook; 

Seven,  tin'-a-moil, 

Sevr,  to,  mam'-cok  tip' -shin. 

Shake,  to,  /•>-/" ;  hnl  hi. 
Shame,  shem. 

Sharp,  yiih-kin-ill'h. 

Sharpen,  to,  mnm'-ixjli-  /.ii*,''. 
She,  her,  ;/ah-kii. 
Sheep.  Ic  moo'-to. 
Shell  money  (die  Buiiill  ^i^l'), 

iti"pco«ii ;  (thf  lari^o),  Inj-kiva. 

Shingle,  libtihilo. 

Shining,  to-trarjr. 

Ship,  I'Ik/i- 
Shirt,  xhiit. 
Shoes,  »li<>ei. 

Shoot,  to,  main'-ook  poo. 

Short,  ipittakut. 


Shot,  xhot ;  tru'-as  le  hal. 
Shot    pouch,   ka-li-tan   le-sac'  ; 

t sole -pat. 
Shout,  to,  hy'-as  wati'-wau. 
Shovel,  la  pell. 
Shut,  to,  ik-jwo'-ie. 
Sick,  sick. 

Sift,  to,  io-to. 

Silk,  hi  ■•!tmt/. 

Silver,  t'kn])e  chik'-a-min. 

Similar,  kdh-kwn. 

Since,  kim-ta. 

Sing,  to,  skan'-tie. 

Sister,  jcdhp-ho,  if  older  than  tlio 

ppr.tker ;  a/<,  if  younger. 
Sit,  to,  mit'-lite. 
Six,  t6<ih-um. 

Skin,  skill. 

Skunk,  hum  o'-])oots  ;   ]tiu'-]nH  / 

sknb'  -c-yoii . 
Sky,  kiio'-sayh. 
Slave,  eli'te;  inist'-shi-mus. 
Sleep,  iniMy'-sum. 
Slowly,  klAh-wa. 
Small,  ten' -as. 
Smell,  a,'  hnmm. 
Smoke,  smuke. 

Snake,  v'-lnh. 

Snow,  sni'W  :  role  snnss. 
Soap,  xiKip. 
Soft,  kltin'inin. 

Sorrel  colored,  u  sorrel  hornc, 

/,    hhni. 

Sorry,  siik  tum'-tum. 

Sour,  kwates. 

Spade,  la  ptll. 

Speak,  to,  mt"'  trax. 
Spill,  to,  vayh. 

Spirits,  lum. 

Split,  tsngh. 

Split,  to,  vum'-ook  (nigh. 


PAKT    II.     KNOLISII CHINOOK. 


«1 


Spectacles,  dol'-la  se-Agh-ost,  T 

or  lak-il  sf-agh-osl. 
Spit,  to,  mam'-ook  toh.  Table,  hi   Uihh. 

Split,  to  become,  chuh-ko    Tail,  o'-jmots. 


Uuyh. 
Spoon,  Kjmm. 
apotted    It  kije  •  Iziiiii. 
Spurs.   /(.•  ser'-blo. 

Squirrel,  xkwW-kwis. 
Scab,  to,  klfin'-a-huti. 

Stand,  to,  mii'-whit. 
Sieirs,  hi/'-ttil. 
Stay,  to,  mit'-lite. 
Steal,  to,  kiip-mi-al-la. 
Steam,  tmioke. 
Steamer,  pi' ah  ship. 
Stick,  a,  stick. 
Stink,  a,  piii-piu/  hnmm. 

stirrup,  sit'-hi>i. 


Take,  to,  is'-kum. 

Take  care  I  hlnnc  mni'-iish. 

Take    off,    or   out,    mum'  ook 

kliik  ,'   niii/i.\h. 
Ta'a,  or  story,  yi'-em;  ehkd/f 

iiiint. 
Talk,  to,   tDau'-wau. 
Tame,  kwass. 
Tea,  ten. 

Teach,  to,  mam'-ook  kum'-tuks. 
Tear,  to,  klin/h. 
Teeth,  le  tdh. 

Tell,  to,  wan'-wau. 
Ten,  taht-le-lunu 
Testicles,  Mone. 


stockings,  st'ick' -■:..;  kiLsh-ix'.    Thank  you,  mdhsie. 


Stone,  Kiotie. 

Stop,  to,  ki>-})fl'. 
store,  mdh-kiiok  houi>c. 
Story,  (h-kiik-nam. 
straight,  r/.-M/c,  or  (fe-lcf ; 

si' -pull. 

strawberries,  n-wo'-tr. 

strong,  skoo'-kiim. 

sturgeon,  stutch'-ini. 


That,  o'-knke. 
That  way,  ;/dh-v<a. 

There,   i/dfi-wn  ;  ka-pdh. 
They,  klax'.ka. 
Thick  (as  inciliisscs\  pil'-lilb. 
Thin    (lis  ,1    lioanl),   p  chill ;  pe- 

irhiil'-tic. 
Thing,  ik'-tah. 

This,   n-knkr 


Sugar,  I''  nook;  Khu'-i/ah  ;  shii'-     Thls  Way,  yiik'-va. 


kiriu 

Summer,  truiim  H'-ln-hic. 

Sun,  null ;  ute-liiijh. 

Sunday,  snmliuj. 
Sunset,  klip  Kiiit, 
Suppose,  spiisc 

Swan,  kiih-lnki: 

Sweep,  to,  mani-w)k  hlixim.     Tinware,  nin'ltih. 
Sweet,  /'<^  Tip.  to.  A'.-//'. 

Swim,  'ii'-shuw  Tired,  mt. 

To,  towards,  kn  jm. 


Thou,  thy,  thine,  mi'-ka. 
Thread,  kla-piic 
T^ee,  klnur. 
Throw  away,  mahxh. 
Tide,  M'l'  rliiiik. 
Tie,  to.  kiiw. 
Tight,  kii'iitl. 


I   i 


I  I  ,     II  JiiiM   ' 


42 


PART   II.       KNGLI8H — CHINOOK. 


m 


Tobacco,  ki'-nootl;  ki-noos. 

To-morrow,  to-mol'-la. 

Tongue,  la  lanp. 

Trail,  way'-hut. 

Trap,  la  piige. 

Tree,  »tick. 

Tree,  fallen,  whim  stick. 

Trot,  to,  leh-teh. 

Trowsen,  sa-kol'-cks. 

True,  del&te. 

Truth,  de-late  wau'-wau. 

Tub,  ta-mo'-litsh. 

Twine,  ten' -an  lope;  klapite. 

Two,  twice,  mokM. 

n. 

Uncle,  lot. 

Under,  kee'-kwii-Hr. 

Understand,  to,  kum'-tuks. 

Unhappy,  >'ick  tum'-tum. 

Untamed,  If-mo'-lo. 

Untie,    to,     mam'-<M>k    floh  ; 

iiiahxh   kiiir. 
Up,  mi/fi-n-lie. 
Upset,  to,  kel'-ipi. 
Us,  nr-si'-ka. 

V. 

Venereal,  the,  pi'-<ih  nek. 
Venison,  tanw'-tish. 
Very,  Ay-n*'. 
Vessel,  »hip. 
Vest,  /'I  I"'"!. 
Vomit,  to,  ('"/A. 

w. 

Wagon,   lH'  l-'k:   chik'  rink. 

Wander,  to.  /.w-/o. 


Want,  to,  tik-(pk. 

Warm,  rvaum. 

Wash,  to,  mam'-ook  Muh. 

Watch,  a,  tik'-iik. 

Water,  chuck. 

Waterfall,  tum'-water. 

We,  ne-ti'-ka. 

Weigh,  to,  mam'-ook  till. 

Wet,  pahtl  chuck. 

Whale,     eh'-ko-lie ;     kw&h-nict ; 

kwad'-dit. 
What,  ik'-tah. 
Wheat,  sap'-o-lill. 
Wheel,  ttik'-tsik;  chik'^hik. 
When,  kan'-sih;  kun-juk. 

Where,  kah. 
Whip,  It  whet. 
White,  fkope. 

Who,  klak'-sta. 

Whole,  lo'-lo. 
Why   k&hta. 
Wicked,  me-mh-chie. 
Wide,  kluk-ulh'. 

Wild,  le  nto'-lo. 
Will,  the,  tum'-tum. 
Willow,  ee'-nastirk. 

Win,  to,  to-h. 

Wind,   tfind. 
Winter,  cole  il'-lahie. 
Wipe,  to,  klitk'wun. 
Wire,  chik' -a -m in  lope. 
Wish,  to,  like,/h. 
With,  ko'-ixr 

Without,  hit-lo. 

Wolf,  li-l(X). 
Woman,  klootah'-man. 
Woman  (<>ld),  lam'-mi-*h. 

Wood,  wooden,  nUck. 

Work,  to,  VKim'-ook. 
Worn  out,  oUvmn. 

Worthless,  cut-tug. 


PAKT   II.       ENOLIBH CHINOOK. 


\ 


43 


Wound,  to,  klem'-a-hun.  Yellow,  kaw'-ka-wak. 

Write,  to,  mam'-ookpeh-jxih;  Yes,  dh-ha;  e-ek. 

f,Mm'.ook  hum.  Yes  indeed,  na-wit'-ka. 

Writing,  team.  Yesterday,    tdhl-kie;   tdhl-kie 


Y. 


Tear,  ikt  cole. 


aun. 


You,    your,    yours,    mesi'. 
ka.  ■ 

Young,  ten'-aa. 


•  ^4 


...  , 

1 

I 


TUE  LORD'S  FRAYEll  IN  JARGON. 


Ncsika  papa  kluksta   mitlitc  kopa    snghalie,    kloshe  kopa  ncsika 

Uiir      I'uther       wlio        stiiyeth       in       thu  ubuve,       );nud         in        our 

tumtuin    niika    ncm;  kloslic  niika  tjcc    kopa    koiiaway  tilikuni; 

heiirU  (bo;      lliy      name;     good      thou     eliiuf    iiuioii^'  nil  people; 

kloshc  mika  tutntuin  kopa  illahie,  kahkwa  kopa  snghalio.     Potlatch 

(.'ood      tliy         will         upon      eurth  im  in       tlio  above.  Give 

kunawny  suri  iiuisika  inuckainuck.    Sposc  ncsika  uiainook  niasahchic, 
every       diiy       our  I'ood.  If  we  do  ill, 

wake     luika   liyas    solloks,    po    sposc    klaksta    iiia.'<alichic     kopa 

(be)  not     thou     very       un;;ry,      and        if         any  one  evil  towards 

ncsika,   wake  ncsika  sollcks    kopa    klaska.       Mulish       siali    kopa 
U!<  not  we  unjjry      towards      them.        iSend  unuy       far       from 

nesaika  konaway  nia.sahchie. 

ua  iiU  evil.  ; 

KlobUe  kabkwa. 


